Articles

Genetic characterization of TEM-type ESBL-associated antibacterial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Antibiotic resistance due to the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among Enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide problem. Data from Ghana regarding this resistance mechanism is limited. This study w...

Authors: Daniel Oduro-Mensah, Noah Obeng-Nkrumah, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Ebenezer Oduro-Mensah, Kingsley Twum-Danso, Yaa Difie Osei and Sammy Tawiah Sackey

Comparison of molecular detection methods for pertussis in children during a state-wide outbreak

A state-wide pertussis outbreak occurred in Washington during the winter–spring months of 2012, concurrent with respiratory viral season. We compared performance characteristics of a laboratory-developed pertu...

Authors: X. Qin, D. M. Zerr, M. P. Kronman, A. L. Adler, J. E. Berry, S. Rich, A. M. Buccat, M. Xu and J. A. Englund

Comparative effectiveness of β-lactam versus vancomycin empiric therapy in patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia

Vancomycin may be inferior to β-lactams for the empiric treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. We compared empiric β-lactams to vancomycin to assess clinical outcomes in pat...

Authors: Davie Wong, Titus Wong, Marc Romney and Victor Leung

Enhancing pathogen identification in patients with meningitis and a negative Gram stain using the BioFire FilmArray^® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel

Meningitis with a negative cerebrospinal (CSF) Gram stain represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the performance of the BioFire FilmArray^® Meningitis/Encephali...

Authors: Susan H. Wootton, Elizabeth Aguilera, Lucrecia Salazar, Andrew C. Hemmert and Rodrigo Hasbun

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum infection in a patient with end stage renal disease on haemodialysis

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum is a microorganism that is ubiquitously found in the environment. However, it is rarely isolated from human clinical specimens. There are few reports to d...

Authors: Amit Gupta, Julie Logan, Nada Elhag and Mike Almond

De novo entecavir+adefovir dipivoxil+lamivudine triple-resistance mutations resulting from sequential therapy with adefovir dipivoxil, and lamivudine

Entecavir-resistance mutations are commonly induced by entecavir treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. However, entecavir+adefovir dipivoxil+lamivudine triple-resistance mutations induced by sequential or...

Authors: Song Yang, Huichun Xing, Qi Wang, Xiaomei Wang, Shunai Liu and Jun Cheng

Early warning score: a dynamic marker of severity and prognosis in patients with Gram-negative bacteraemia and sepsis

Early Warning Score (EWS) is a physiological composite score of six bedside vital parameters, routinely used in UK hospitals. We evaluated the prognostic ability of EWS in Gram-negative bacteraemia causing sep...

Authors: Mahableshwar Albur, Fergus Hamilton and Alasdair P. MacGowan

A pilot study to assess bacterial and toxin reduction in patients with Clostridium difficile infection given fidaxomicin or vancomycin

To assess the effect of fidaxomicin and vancomycin on Clostridium difficile toxins and correlation with clinical and microbiologic outcomes.

Authors: Abrar K. Thabit, M. Jahangir Alam, Mohammed Khaleduzzaman, Kevin W. Garey and David P. Nicolau

Comparison of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines for the interpretation of antibiotic susceptibility at a University teaching hospital in Nairobi, Kenya: a cross-sectional study

The Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines are the most popular breakpoint guidelines used in antimicrobial suscep...

Authors: Ali Kassim, Geoffrey Omuse, Zul Premji and Gunturu Revathi

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary-level reference hospital in Turkey

Enterobacteriaceae are among the most common pathogens that are responsible for serious community-acquired, hospital-acquired, and health-care associated infections. The emergence and ...

Authors: Irmak Baran and Neriman Aksu

Antimicrobial activity of mul-1867, a novel antimicrobial compound, against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

There is an urgent need for new antimicrobial compounds to treat various lung infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA).

Authors: George Tetz, Daria Vikina and Victor Tetz

Real-world daptomycin use across wide geographical regions: results from a pooled analysis of CORE and EU-CORE

Pooled data from two large registries, Cubicin^® Outcomes Registry and Experience (CORE; USA) and European Cubicin^® Outcomes Registry and Experience (EU-CORE; Europe, Latin America, and Asia), were analyzed to det...

Authors: R. Andrew Seaton, Armando Gonzalez-Ruiz, Kerry O. Cleveland, Kimberly A. Couch, Rashidkhan Pathan and Kamal Hamed

Can one size fit all? Approach to bacterial vaginosis in sub-Saharan Africa

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder affecting women of reproductive age and is associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted infections such as human immunodeficiency syndrome...

Authors: Zenda Woodman

Parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold at central markets in Khartoum state, Sudan

Fresh vegetables are considered as vital nutrients of a healthy diet as they supply the body with essential supplements. The consumption of raw vegetables is the main way for transmission of intestinal parasit...

Authors: Mona Ali Mohamed, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Arwa Hassan Elaagip, Ali Mahmoud Mohammed Edris and Awad Ahmed Nasr

In vitro selection of Staphylococcus aureus mutants resistant to tigecycline with intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin

Tigecycline (TIG) is an antibiotic belonging to the glycylcyclines class and appears to be a good choice to fight infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. To date, TIG exhibits good activity against this micro...

Authors: Melina Herrera, Sabrina Di Gregorio, Silvina Fernandez, Graciela Posse, Marta Mollerach and José Di Conza

Community acquired fungemia caused by Candida pulcherrima: diagnostic contribution of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Community-onset candidemia constitute a distinct clinical entity the incidence of which is increasing. Contribution of non-albicans Candida species is rising.

Authors: Laurène Deconinck, Agnès Meybeck, Maxime Pradier, Pierre Patoz, Hugues Melliez and Eric Senneville

The expanding spectrum of modes of transmission of Zika virus: a global concern

Authors: Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Antonio Carlos Bandeira and Carlos Franco-Paredes

Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with discrepant carbapenem susceptibility profile

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common nosocomial pathogen, notorious for its multidrug resistance and causes life threatening infections. Carbapenems were considered as the last resor...

Authors: Agila K. Pragasam, M. Raghanivedha, Shalini Anandan and Balaji Veeraraghavan

Is inhaled colistin beneficial in ventilator associated pneumonia or nosocomial pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii?

In the present study, our objective was to evaluate and compare the clinical and microbiological results in patients receiving systemic and systemic plus inhaled colistin therapy due to nosocomial pneumonia (N...

Authors: Tuna Demirdal, Ummu Sena Sari and Salih Atakan Nemli

Outbreak of plasmid-mediated NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST105 among neonatal patients in Yunnan, China

In the past decade, the carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) have been reported worldwide. Emergence of carbapenemase-producing strains among Enterobacteriaceae has been a challenge for treatment of c...

Authors: Rui Zheng, Qian Zhang, Yidan Guo, Yue Feng, Li Liu, Amei Zhang, Yue Zhao, Xiaoyu Yang and Xueshan Xia

Toxigenic profile of methicillin-sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from special groups

Staphylococcus aureus is characterized by its pathogenicity and high prevalence, causing disease in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals due to its easy dissemination. This f...

Authors: Camila Sena Martins de Souza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza, Claudia Lima Witzel, Mônica Silveira, Mariana Fávero Bonesso, Silvio Alencar Marques and Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha

Intravenous Colistin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter in neonates

Neonatal sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria has been reported in different parts of the world. It is a major threat to neonatal care, carrying a high rate of morbidity and mortality. W...

Authors: Manar Al-lawama, Haytham Aljbour, Asma Tanash and Eman Badran

Mortality predictors of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a prospective multicenter study

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the causes of both community and healthcare-associated bacteremia. The attributable mortality of S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) is still higher and predicto...

Authors: Mesut Yilmaz, Nazif Elaldi, İlker İnanç Balkan, Ferhat Arslan, Ayşe Alga Batırel, Mustafa Zahir Bakıcı, Mustafa Gokhan Gozel, Sevil Alkan, Aygül Doğan Çelik, Meltem Arzu Yetkin, Hürrem Bodur, Melda Sınırtaş, Halis Akalın, Fatma Aybala Altay, İrfan Şencan, Emel Azak…

The carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae threat is growing: NDM-1 epidemic at a training hospital in Turkey

Recently, new carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae strains and non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli have been reported. The New Delhi metallo‐β‐lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is a major problem around the world. The pu...

Authors: Oguz Karabay, Mustafa Altindis, Mehmet Koroglu, Onur Karatuna, Özlem Akkaya Aydemir and Ali Fuat Erdem

MALDI-TOF MS based carbapenemase detection from culture isolates and from positive blood culture vials

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria leads to massive health problems. Incidence of carbapenem and multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria are increasing globally and turn out to be a very urgent challenge...

Authors: B. Ghebremedhin, A. Halstenbach, M. Smiljanic, M. Kaase and P. Ahmad-Nejad

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy children and associated risk factors

Community acquired infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) had been increased. The fecal flora of children in the community represents a huge potential reservoir ...

Authors: S. M. Hijazi, M. A. Fawzi, F. M. Ali and K. H. Abd El Galil

The evaluation and application of multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) for the molecular epidemiological study of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis infection

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is one of the most prevalent Salmonella serotypes that cause gastroenteritis worldwide and the most prevalent s...

Authors: Yao Liu, Xiaolu Shi, Yinghui Li, Qiongcheng Chen, Min Jiang, Wanli Li, Yaqun Qiu, Yiman Lin, Yixiang Jiang, Biao Kan, Qun Sun and Qinghua Hu

VacA, cagA, iceA and oipA genotypes status and antimicrobial resistance properties of Helicobacter pylori isolated from various types of ready to eat foods

Despite the high clinical standing of Helicobacter pylori, its exact routes of transmission and origin have not been determined. Based on the contentious hypothesis, foods play an important roles in the transmiss...

Authors: Behsan Hemmatinezhad, Hassan Momtaz and Ebrahim Rahimi

Clonal dissemination of KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 clone with high prevalence of oqxAB and rmtB in a tertiary hospital in China: results from a 3-year period

Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) strains have emerged as a major problem for healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to determine the circulating clones and analyze the clinical and mole...

Authors: Li Cheng, Xiao-Li Cao, Zhi-Feng Zhang, Ming-zhe Ning, Xue-Jing Xu, Wanqing Zhou, Jun-Hao Chen, Jin-hua Zhang, Han Shen and Kui Zhang

Clinical features and characteristics of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 176 infection: results from a 1-year university hospital internal ward study

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Given an increasing CDI incidence and global spread of epidemic ribotypes, a 1-year study was...

Authors: Jiri Drabek, Otakar Nyc, Marcela Krutova, Jan Stovicek, Jana Matejkova and Radan Keil

Characteristics of leptospirosis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a multicenter study

Leptospirosis is a common zoonotic infection in the world. In patients with leptospirosis, in case of presence of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), clinical and laboratory findings can be mistake...

Authors: Hava Yilmaz, Vedat Turhan, Kadriye Kart Yasar, Mustafa Hatipoglu, Mustafa Sunbul and Hakan Leblebicioglu

Antimicrobial susceptibility trends among gram-positive and -negative clinical isolates collected between 2005 and 2012 in Mexico: results from the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial

The Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (T.E.S.T) is a global antimicrobial surveillance study of both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. This report presents data on antimicrobial susceptibi...

Authors: Rayo Morfin-Otero, Eduardo Rodriguez Noriega and Michael J. Dowzicky

Purification and characterization of a new β-lactamase OXA-205 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

We have identified a novel class 1 integron (1503 bp), named In671 in a clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate. Integron sequence analysis revealed two gene cassettes, one coding for a new OXA-type β-lactamase d...

Authors: R. Krasauskas, D. Labeikytė, A. Markuckas, J. Povilonis, J. Armalytė, R. Plančiūnienė, P. Kavaliauskas and E. Sužiedėlienė

First identification of an IMI-1 carbapenemase-producing colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae in China

Carbapenem resistance among the Enterobacteriaceae is a serious healthcare challenge. bla _IMI is a carbapenemase gene mediating resistance to carbapenems but has not been commonly found...

Authors: Liang Huang, Xiaohui Wang, Yu Feng, Yi Xie, Liping Xie and Zhiyong Zong

Galactomannan antigen detection using bronchial wash and bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with hematologic malignancies

The diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is challenging. It is unclear whether galactomannan (GM) results from bronchial wash (BW) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples differ in a clinically meani...

Authors: Mahnaz Taremi, Michael E. Kleinberg, Elizabeth W. Wang, Bruce L. Gilliam and Patrick A. Ryscavage

The potential of bacteriophage cocktail in eliminating Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in terms of different extracellular matrices expressed by PIA, ciaA-D and FnBPA genes

This study assessed novel approach of using highly lytic phages against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms with and without biofil...

Authors: Ahmed Sahib Abdulamir, Sabah A. A. Jassim, Rand R. Hafidh and Fatimah Abu Bakar

Spectrum adequacy of antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis: a retrospective analysis in intermediate and intensive care unit patients

Secondary peritonitis requires surgical source control and adequate antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrobial regimens are usually selected according to local susceptibility data of individual pathogens against ...

Authors: Cathérine L. Steinbach, Christoph Töpper, Thomas Adam and Martin G. Kees

Antituberculosis drug resistance patterns in adults with tuberculous meningitis: results of haydarpasa-iv study

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to antituberculosis drugs is an increasingly common clinical problem. This study aimed to evaluate drug resistance profiles of TBM isola...

Authors: Seniha Senbayrak, Nuri Ozkutuk, Hakan Erdem, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Rok Civljak, Ayse Seza Inal, Uner Kayabas, Ebru Kursun, Nazif Elaldi, Branislava Savic, Soline Simeon, Emel Yilmaz, Olga Dulovic, Derya Ozturk-Engin, Nurgul Ceran, Botond Lakatos…

The spread of bla _OXA-48 and bla _OXA-244 carbapenemase genes among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter spp. isolated in Moscow, Russia

The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is a great problem of healthcare worldwide. Study of the spread for bla _OXA-48-like genes coding epidemically significant ...

Authors: Nadezhda K. Fursova, Eugeny I. Astashkin, Anastasia I. Knyazeva, Nikolay N. Kartsev, Ekaterina S. Leonova, Olga N. Ershova, Irina A. Alexandrova, Natalia V. Kurdyumova, Svetlana Yu. Sazikina, Nikolay V. Volozhantsev, Edward A. Svetoch and Ivan A. Dyatlov

Resistance integrons: class 1, 2 and 3 integrons

As recently indiscriminate abuse of existing antibiotics in both clinical and veterinary treatment leads to proliferation of antibiotic resistance in microbes and poses a dilemma for the future treatment of su...

Authors: Yang Deng, Xuerui Bao, Lili Ji, Lei Chen, Junyan Liu, Jian Miao, Dingqiang Chen, Huawei Bian, Yanmei Li and Guangchao Yu

Evaluation of carbapenem resistance using phenotypic and genotypic techniques in Enterobacteriaceae isolates

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing worldwide. Antibiotic-resistant strains can lead to serious problems regarding treatment of infection. Carbapenem antibiotics are the final treatment option fo...

Authors: Kazım Sahin, Ayse Tekin, Sule Ozdas, Demet Akin, Hande Yapislar, Aziz Ramazan Dilek and Emine Sonmez

Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus cereus blood stream infections

Bacillus cereus is one of the pathogens causing nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs). However, few reports have documented the antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical characteris...

Authors: Mahoko Ikeda, Yuka Yagihara, Keita Tatsuno, Mitsuhiro Okazaki, Shu Okugawa and Kyoji Moriya

Characteristics of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in Geneva during colonization or infection

This study determined the antibiotic susceptibility profile and genetic mechanisms of β-lactam resistance in 27 clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at the University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerl...

Authors: Abdessalam Cherkaoui, Stéphane Emonet, Gesuele Renzi and Jacques Schrenzel

Erratum to: Prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes among multi-drug resistant bacteria from selected water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria

Authors: Ayodele T. Adesoji, Adeniyi A. Ogunjobi, Isaac O. Olatoye and Douglas R. Call

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Delhi, India

Acinetobacter has gained importance as a multi-drug resistant and hence a difficult to treat pathogen. This study was done to characterize our isolates with respect to drug resistance and presence of beta-lact...

Authors: Dabet Rynga, Malini Shariff and Monorama Deb

Molecular characterization of selected multidrug resistant Pseudomonas from water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria

Persistence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, including multidrug resistant (MDR) pseudomonads, is an important environmental health problem associated with drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) worldwide...

Authors: Ayodele T. Adesoji, Adeniyi A. Ogunjobi and Isaac O. Olatoye

Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) produced by clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Saudi Arabia

Acinetobacter baumannii is a common opportunistic pathogen that causes major nosocomial infections in hospitals. In this study, we hypothesized a high prevalence of A. baumanni ESBL (e...

Authors: Essam J. Alyamani, Mohamed A. Khiyami, Rayan Y. Booq, Basel M. Alnafjan, Musaad A. Altammami and Fayez S. Bahwerth

Prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from aquaculture water in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province, Iran

Integrons play important role in the spread and maintenance of antimicrobial resistance among strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other species of Enterobacteriaceae. This study investigated the prevalence ...

Authors: Elahe Tajbakhsh, Faham Khamesipour, Reza Ranjbar and Ifeoma Chinyere Ugwu

Antimicrobial activity of polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate in comparison to chlorhexidine using the quantitative suspension method

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) belongs to the polymeric guanidine family of biocides and contains a phosphate group, which may confer better solubility, a detoxifying effect and may change the ...

Authors: A Vitt, A Sofrata, V Slizen, R V Sugars, A Gustafsson, E I Gudkova, L A Kazeko, P Ramberg and K Buhlin

Prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes among multi-drug resistant bacteria from selected water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria

Antibiotic resistance genes [ARGs] in aquatic systems have drawn increasing attention they could be transferred horizontally to pathogenic bacteria. Water treatment plants (WTPs) are intended to provide qualit...

Authors: Ayodele. T. Adesoji, Adeniyi. A. Ogunjobi, Isaac. O. Olatoye and Douglas. R. Douglas