Articles

Virulence characterization and clonal analysis of uropathogenic Escherichia coli metallo-beta-lactamase-producing isolates

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major cause of urinary tract infection (UTI); however, treatment of UTI has been challenging due to increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR). One of the most important t...

Authors: Fatemeh Zangane Matin, Seyedeh Elham Rezatofighi, Mohammad Roayaei Ardakani, Mohammad Reza Akhoond and Fahimeh Mahmoodi

Role of CRISPR-Cas system on antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas systems are one of the factors which can contribute to limiting the development and evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. There a...

Authors: Pourya Gholizadeh, Mohammad Aghazadeh, Reza Ghotaslou, Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee, Tahereh Pirzadeh, Longzhu Cui, Shinya Watanabe, Hadi Feizi, Hiva Kadkhoda and Hossein Samadi Kafil

Hospitalization and colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the surgical department of 03 health facilities in the Ndé division, West-Cameroon

Commensal flora colonization during hospitalization by bacteria is the first step for nosocomial infections while antibiotic resistance reduces therapeutic options. In aim to control this phenomenon, we initia...

Authors: William Lelorel Nguekap Nankam, Pierre René Fotsing Kwetche, Gildas Boris Tazemda-Kuitsouc, Golda Joyce Djeutsa Chouna and Jean Michel Tekam

Rapid and precise diagnosis of pneumonia coinfected by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus assisted by next-generation sequencing in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report

Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus, are opportunistic pathogenic fungus that has a major impact on mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. With the potential to invade multiple orga...

Authors: Yili Chen, Lu Ai, Yingqun Zhou, Yating Zhao, Jianyu Huang, Wen Tang and Yujian Liang

A case of neck abscess caused by rare hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, capsular type K20 and sequence type 420

This case report describes a neck abscess caused by a strain of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a middle aged man with diabetes without a history of travel to East and South East Asia. This case report is ...

Authors: John Alexander McHardy, Vathshalan Selvaganeshapillai, Priya Khanna, Ashley Michael Whittington, Jane Turton and Guduru Gopal Rao

Role of AmpG in the resistance to β-lactam agents, including cephalosporins and carbapenems: candidate for a novel antimicrobial target

A complex cascade of genes, enzymes, and transcription factors regulates AmpC β-lactamase overexpression. We investigated the network of AmpC β-lactamase overexpression in Klebsiella aerogenes and identified the ...

Authors: Roshan D’Souza, Le Phuong Nguyen, Naina A. Pinto, Hyunsook Lee, Thao Nguyen Vu, Hoyoung Kim, Hyun Soo Cho and Dongeun Yong

Aspergillosis of central nervous system in patients with leukemia and stem cell transplantation: a systematic review of case reports

Aspergillosis of Central Nervous System (CNS) is a highly lethal infection in patients with leukemia and Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT).

Authors: Aref Shariati, Mojtaba Didehdar, Shahin Rajaeih, Alireza Moradabadi, Mohammad Ghorbani, Vahid Falahati and Zahra Chegini

Antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria: a 5-year retrospective analysis at a multi-hospital healthcare system in Saudi Arabia

Studying time-related changes in susceptible pathogens causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is vital in improving local antimicrobial and infection control practices.

Authors: Saad Alhumaid, Abbas Al Mutair, Zainab Al Alawi, Ahmad J. Alzahrani, Mansour Tobaiqy, Ahmed M. Alresasi, Ibrahim Bu-Shehab, Issa Al-Hadary, Naif Alhmeed, Mossa Alismail, Ahmed H. Aldera, Fadhil AlHbabi, Haifa Al-Shammari, Ali A. Rabaan and Awad Al-Omari

Application of MALDI-TOF MS to assess clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes associated with anaerobic bloodstream infection: a retrospective observational study

Correctly identifying anaerobic bloodstream infections (BSIs) is difficult. However, a new technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), enables more a...

Authors: Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Yuki Hara, Yusuke Yoshimi, Waka Yokoyama-kokuryo, Yoshiro Fujita, Masamichi Yokoe and Yoshinori Noguchi

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm producing clinical coagulase negative staphylococci from Nepal and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) survive as commensals of skin, anterior nares and external canals of human and were regarded as non-infectious pathogens. However, they are emerging as a major cause of n...

Authors: Sarita Manandhar, Anjana Singh, Ajit Varma, Shanti Pandey and Neeraj Shrivastava

Investigation into antibacterial and wound healing properties of platelets lysate against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections

Treatment of burn wound infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential...

Authors: Aref Shariati, Alireza Moradabadi, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad, Maryam Dadmanesh, Majid Komijani and Farshad Nojoomi

Contrasting SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies and clinical symptoms in a large cohort of Colombian patients during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

There is limited and controverting evidence looking at possible associations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA copies and patient variables in large cohorts of symptomatic and...

Authors: Santiago A. Quiroga, Carolina Hernández, Sergio Castañeda, Paula Jimenez, Laura Vega, Marcela Gomez, David Martinez, Nathalia Ballesteros, Marina Muñoz, Claudia Cifuentes, Nathalia Sierra, Carolina Flórez, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi and Juan David Ramírez

Comparative evaluation of six nucleic acid amplification kits for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerged coronavirus, causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in December, 2019. As drugs and vaccines of COVID-19 remain in development, accurate virus detection plays a ...

Authors: Shuang Wu, Xiaolu Shi, Qiongcheng Chen, Yixiang Jiang, Le Zuo, Lei Wang, Min Jiang, Yiman Lin, Shisong Fang, Bo Peng, Weihua Wu, Hui Liu, Renli Zhang, Patrick S. L. Kwan and Qinghua Hu

Repurposing of antibiotics for clinical management of COVID-19: a narrative review

Drug repurposing otherwise known as drug repositioning or drug re-profiling is a time-tested approach in drug discovery through which new medical uses are being established for already known drugs. Antibiotics...

Authors: Abdourahamane Yacouba, Ahmed Olowo-okere and Ismaeel Yunusa

Significant contribution of the CmeABC Efflux pump in high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli clinical isolates

Campylobacter resistance to antimicrobial agents is regarded as a major concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the CmeABC efflux pump and the RAPD-PCR pattern in drug-resist...

Authors: Saeed Sharifi, Bita Bakhshi and Shahin Najar-peerayeh

COVID-19: breaking down a global health crisis

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the second pandemic of the twenty-first century, with over one-hundred million infections and over two million deaths to date. It is a novel strain from the Coronaviridae fa...

Authors: Saad I. Mallah, Omar K. Ghorab, Sabrina Al-Salmi, Omar S. Abdellatif, Tharmegan Tharmaratnam, Mina Amin Iskandar, Jessica Atef Nassef Sefen, Pardeep Sidhu, Bassam Atallah, Rania El-Lababidi and Manaf Al-Qahtani

Epidemiology, species distribution, and outcome of nosocomial Candida spp. bloodstream infection in Shanghai: an 11-year retrospective analysis in a tertiary care hospital

The incidence of Candida bloodstream infections (BSIs), has increased over time. In this study, we aimed to describe the current epidemiology of Candida BSI in a large tertiary care hospital in Shanghai and to de...

Authors: Yan-Jun Zheng, Ting Xie, Lin Wu, Xiao-Ying Liu, Ling Zhu, Ying Chen, En-Qiang Mao, Li-Zhong Han, Er-Zhen Chen and Zhi-Tao Yang

Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

Globally, surgical site infections are the most reported healthcare-associated infection and common surgical complication. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, there is a paucity of published reports on t...

Authors: Gemedo Misha, Legese Chelkeba and Tsegaye Melaku

Molecular characteristics of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran

We evaluated the distribution of carbapenem and colistin resistance mechanisms of clinical E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from Iran.

Authors: Javad Yasbolaghi Sharahi, Ali Hashemi, Abdollah Ardebili and Sara Davoudabadi

Novel coronavirus seropositivity and related factors among healthcare workers at a university hospital during the prevaccination period: a cross-sectional study

This study aimed to investigate the specific risk factors for the transmission of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) among healthcare workers in different campuses of a university hospital and to reveal the risk f...

Authors: Aziz Ogutlu, Oguz Karabay, Unal Erkorkmaz, Ertugrul Guclu, Seher Sen, Abdulkadir Aydin and Mehmet Koroglu

Bacteriophage therapy for inhibition of multi drug‐resistant uropathogenic bacteria: a narrative review

Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria have increased in number in recent years and the development of new treatment options for the corresponding infections has become a major challenge in the fiel...

Authors: Zahra Chegini, Amin Khoshbayan, Soheil Vesal, Alireza Moradabadi, Ali Hashemi and Aref Shariati

The niche of One Health approaches in Lassa fever surveillance and control

Lassa fever (LF), a zoonotic illness, represents a public health burden in West African countries where the Lassa virus (LASV) circulates among rodents. Human exposure hinges significantly on LASV ecology, whi...

Authors: Liã Bárbara Arruda, Najmul Haider, Ayodeji Olayemi, David Simons, Deborah Ehichioya, Adesola Yinka-Ogunleye, Rashid Ansumana, Margaret J. Thomason, Danny Asogun, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet and Richard A. Kock

Efficacy and safety of azithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate for otitis media in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Resistance, prolonged therapy, and more adverse reactions made amoxicillin less preferred for treating otitis media. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of azithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulan...

Authors: Gabriel Dawit, Solomon Mequanent and Eyasu Makonnen

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Bacteroides fragilis isolated from clinical and colorectal specimens

Bacteroides fragilis is a part of the normal gastrointestinal flora, but it is also the most common anaerobic bacteria causing the infection. It is highly resistant to antibiotics and contains abundant antibiotic...

Authors: Seyedesomaye Jasemi, Mohammad Emaneini, Zahra Ahmadinejad, Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli, Leonardo A. Sechi, Fatemah Sadeghpour Heravi and Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi

Antimicrobial resistance profile and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected of pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia

Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have become one of the greatest challenges to global public health today and inappropriate use of antibiotics and high level of antibiotic use is probab...

Authors: Bekele Sharew, Feleke Moges, Gizachew Yismaw, Wondwossen Abebe, Surafal Fentaw, Didrik Vestrheim and Belay Tessema

Molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from nasal samples of sixth year medical students during their pediatric services practices

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are prevalent in healthcare services. Medical students are at risk for MRSA carriage, subsequent infection and potential transmission of nosocomial infec...

Authors: Kamile Arıkan, Eda Karadag-Oncel, Emre Aycan, Banu Sancak and Mehmet Ceyhan

Characterization of antimicrobial susceptibility, extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes and phylogenetic groups of Shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli isolated from patients with diarrhea in Iran

Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are among common foodborne bacterial pathogens and healthy livestock are the main source of this bacterium. Severe diseases attribute to two types of cytotoxin Stx1 a...

Authors: Erfaneh Jafari, Mana Oloomi and Saeid Bouzari

The impact of urine microbiota in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms

Inflammation and infection are causative factors of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Urine is not sterile, and urine microbiota identified by DNA sequencing can play an important role in the development of ...

Authors: Hsiang-Ying Lee, Jiunn‐Wei Wang, Yung-Shun Juan, Ching-Chia Li, Chung-Jung Liu, Sung Yong Cho, Hsin-Chih Yeh, Kuang-Shun Chueh, Wen-Jeng Wu and Deng‐Chyang Wu

Helicobacter canis bacteraemia in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with tofacitinib: case report and literature review

Non-Helicobacter pylori species (NHPS) are newly emerging bacteria that naturally inhabit birds and mammals apart from humans and rarely cause diseases in humans. In recent years, a rise in the number of cases as...

Authors: Matic Mihevc, Metka Koren Krajnc, Maja Bombek Ihan and Iztok Holc

Low sensitivity of conventional fungal agars in fungemia by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: description of two cases

Although most bloodstream yeast infections are caused by Candida spp., infections by rare or less common species have increased in recent years. Diagnosis of infections caused by these species is difficult due to...

Authors: Carmen Alicia Garcia-Gutiérrez, María Soledad Cuétara-García, María Dolores Moragues, Jorge Ligero, Sara María Quevedo and María José Buitrago

Retraction Note to: Antimicrobial misuse in pediatric urinary tract infections: recurrences and renal scarring

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-018-0279-4

Authors: Jayaweera Arachchige Asela Sampath Jayaweera and Mohommed Reyes

Predominance of international clone 2 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Thailand: a nationwide study

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the common multidrug resistance pathogens causing hospital-acquired infections. This study was conducted to elucidate the distribution of antimicrobial resistance gen...

Authors: Piyatip Khuntayaporn, Pohnvipa Kanathum, Jantana Houngsaitong, Preecha Montakantikul, Krit Thirapanmethee and Mullika Traidej Chomnawang

Intestinal carriage of vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus spp. among high‐risk patients in university hospitals in Serbia: first surveillance report

The screening for intestinal carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) among high risk patients in the Balkan region and molecular epidemiology of VRE is insufficiently investigated, yet it could b...

Authors: Ana Janjusevic, Ljiljana Markovic Denic, Rajna Minic, Anita Grgurevic and Ivana Cirkovic

The laboratory findings and different COVID-19 severities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abnormal laboratory findings are common in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of the level of s...

Authors: Erfan Kazemi, Reihane Soldoozi Nejat, Fatemeh Ashkan and Hossein Sheibani

Multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria from three Referral Hospitals of Amhara region, Ethiopia

Multidrug resistance (MDR), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) has become a public health threat worldwide. This threat is worse in developing coun...

Authors: Feleke Moges, Mucheye Gizachew, Mulat Dagnew, Azanaw Amare, Bekele Sharew, Setegn Eshetie, Wondwossen Abebe, Yihenew Million, Tigist Feleke and Moges Tiruneh

Effect on 30-day mortality and duration of hospitalization of empirical antibiotic therapy in CRGNB-infected pneumonia

The objective of this study was to investigate whether unreasonable empirical antibiotic treatment (UEAT) had an impact on 30-day mortality and duration of hospitalization in bacterial pneumonia caused by carb...

Authors: Rongrong Li, Hao Tang, Huaming Xu, Kunwei Cui, Shujin Li and Jilu Shen

An unusual case of Cardiobacterium valvarum causing aortic endograft infection and osteomyelitis

HACEK (Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter spp., Cardiobacterium spp., Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella spp.) group organisms are responsible for 0.8% to 6% of all infective endocarditis cases, with Cardiobacteriu...

Authors: Eric G. Hauser, Imran Nizamuddin, Brett B. Yarusi and Karen M. Krueger

Correlation between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation capability among Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Iran

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of nosocomial infections. Antibiotic resistance and ability to form biofilm, as two key virulence factors of K. pneumoniae, are involved in the persistence of infections. T...

Authors: Shadi Shadkam, Hamid Reza Goli, Bahman Mirzaei, Mehrdad Gholami and Mohammad Ahanjan

Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among insulin-dependent diabetic individuals in Brazil

People with diabetes mellitus, especially insulin-dependent diabetic patients, are a risk group for staphylococcal infections. Asymptomatic infection with Staphylococcus aureus is common and favors dissemination ...

Authors: Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza, Matheus Cristovam de Souza, Thais Aline Monteiro Pereira, Bibiana Prada de Camargo Colenci and Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha

Evaluation of efflux pump activity and biofilm formation in multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a Federal Medical Center in Nigeria

Pseudomonas aeruginosa an opportunistic pathogen, is widely associated with nosocomial infections and exhibits resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic ...

Authors: Florence Chijindu Ugwuanyi, Abraham Ajayi, David Ajiboye Ojo, Adeyemi Isaac Adeleye and Stella Ifeanyi Smith

Role of Williamsia and Segniliparus in human infections with the approach taxonomy, cultivation, and identification methods

The genera Williamsia and Segniliparus are of aerobic actinomycetes and at the time of writing, they have 12 and 2 species, respectively. These genera cause various infections in humans. In this review, we survey...

Authors: Mehdi Fatahi-Bafghi

Contemporary analysis of ETEST for antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration agreement against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) acute pulmonary exacerbations are often caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including multi-drug resistant strains. Optimal antibiotic therapy is required to return lung function and should be ...

Authors: Maxwell J. Lasko, Holly K. Huse, David P. Nicolau and Joseph L. Kuti

MERS-CoV: epidemiology, molecular dynamics, therapeutics, and future challenges

The Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has gained research attention worldwide, given the current pandemic. Nevertheless, a previous zoonotic and highly pathogenic coronavirus, the Middle E...

Authors: Ali A. Rabaan, Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed, Ranjit Sah, Mohammed A. Alqumber, Shafiul Haque, Shailesh Kumar Patel, Mamta Pathak, Ruchi Tiwari, Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo, Abrar Ul Haq, Muhammad Bilal, Kuldeep Dhama and Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

A first probable case of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Colombia

Authors: Whilken Novoa, Hollman Miller, Salim Mattar, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez, Ricardo Rivero and Hector Serrano-Coll

Clinico-microbiological profile of Burkholderia cepacia keratitis: a case series

Burkholderia cepacia, an opportunistic pathogen mainly affecting patients with cystic fibrosis or immunocompromised, has rarely been documented as a cause of corneal infection. The clinical and microbiological pr...

Authors: Ming-Chih Ho, Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang, Lung-Kun Yeh, David H. K. Ma, Hsin-Chiung Lin, Hsin-Yuan Tan, Hung-Chi Chen and Ching-Hsi Hsiao

First detection of a plasmid-encoded New-Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) producing Acinetobacter baumannii using whole genome sequencing, isolated in a clinical setting in Benin

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is considered a top priority pathogen by the World Health Organization for combatting increasing antibiotic resistance and development of new drugs. Since it was origi...

Authors: Carine Yehouenou, Bert Bogaerts, Kevin Vanneste, Nancy H. C. Roosens, Sigrid C. J. De Keersmaecker, Kathleen Marchal, Dissou Affolabi, Reza Soleimani, Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos, Françoise Van Bambeke, Olivia Dalleur and Anne Simon

Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in pre-conjugate vaccine era in Western China

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is one of the most common pathogens which can cause morbidity and mortality in pediatric infections worldwide. This study aimed to describe the phenotypic and molecular ch...

Authors: Zhuoxin Liang, Jinjian Fu, Ling Li, Rongsong Yi, Shaolin Xu, Jichang Chen, Xiaohua Ye and Eric McGrath

Clinical characteristics and predictors of mortality in young adults with severe COVID-19: a retrospective observational study

Little is yet known whether pathogenesis of COVID-19 is different between young and elder patients. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and provide predictors of mortality for young adu...

Authors: Yanjiao Lu, Zhenli Huang, Meijia Wang, Kun Tang, Shanshan Wang, Pengfei Gao, Jungang Xie, Tao Wang and Jianping Zhao

Dysbiosis of urine microbiota in obstructive urinary retention patients revealed by next-generation sequencing

Urinary retention (UR) is a common urinary system disease can be caused by urinary tract obstruction with numerous reasons, however, the role of urine microbes in these disorders is still poorly understood. Th...

Authors: Shan Jiang, Saisai Lu, Xiaomin Chen, Fengxia Li, Chengwei Zhu, Yuancai Zheng, Xiaobing Wang and Shihao Xu

A case series of medically managed Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis

In recent years, Candida parapsilosis is recognized as a species complex and is composed of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis. Candida parapsilosis complex prosthe...

Authors: Penghao Guo, Yuting He, Rui Fan, Zhongwen Wu, Yili Chen, Yuli Huang, Kang Liao and Peisong Chen