Articles

Enzyme-mediated formulation of stable elliptical silver nanoparticles tested against clinical pathogens and MDR bacteria and development of antimicrobial surgical thread

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are believed to be emerging tool against various infectious diseases including multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. In the present study, in vitro synthesis of AgNPs was optimized ...

Authors: Rupak Thapa, Chintan Bhagat, Pragya Shrestha, Suvash Awal and Pravin Dudhagara

Determinants of felt demand for dengue vaccines in the North Caribbean region of Colombia

The increasing burden associated with dengue in Latin America makes it essential to understand the community’s interest in acquiring vaccines, as an input to plan its introduction in endemic regions. The objec...

Authors: Yalil T. Bracho-Churio, Ruth A. Martínez-Vega, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Ronald G. Díaz-Quijano, María L. Luna-González and Fredi A. Diaz-Quijano

Genome sequence of Shigella flexneri strain SP1, a diarrheal isolate that encodes an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)

Shigellosis is the most common cause of gastrointestinal infections in developing countries. In China, the species most frequently responsible for shigellosis is Shigella flexneri. S. flexneri remains largely une...

Authors: Ping Shen, Jianzhong Fan, Lihua Guo, Jiahua Li, Ang Li, Jing Zhang, Chaoqun Ying, Jinru Ji, Hao Xu, Beiwen Zheng and Yonghong Xiao

Vitamin D deficiency among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their tuberculosis negative household contacts in Northwest Ethiopia: a case–control study

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that increases the immunity against tuberculosis (TB), decreases the re-activation of latent TB and reduces the severity of active TB disease. Epidemiological studies on the ...

Authors: Belay Tessema, Feleke Moges, Dereje Habte, Nebiyu Hiruy, Shewaye Yismaw, Kassahun Melkieneh, Yewulsew Kassie, Belaineh Girma, Muluken Melese and Pedro G. Suarez

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci from imported beef meat

The objectives of this study were to characterize the diversity and magnitude of antimicrobial resistance among Staphylococcus species recovered from imported beef meat sold in the Egyptian market and the potenti...

Authors: Kamelia Osman, Avelino Alvarez-Ordóñez, Lorena Ruiz, Jihan Badr, Fatma ElHofy, Khalid S. Al-Maary, Ihab M. I. Moussa, Ashgan M. Hessain, Ahmed Orabi, Alaa Saad and Mohamed Elhadidy

The emergence of a novel sequence type of MDR Acinetobacter baumannii from the intensive care unit of an Egyptian tertiary care hospital

Acinetobacter baumannii is known for nosocomial outbreaks worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the clonal relationship of A. bau...

Authors: Doaa Mohammad Ghaith, Mai Mahmoud Zafer, Mohamed Hamed Al-Agamy, Essam J. Alyamani, Rayan Y. Booq and Omar Almoazzamy

Detection of a CTX-M group 2 beta-lactamase gene in a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from a tertiary care hospital, Trinidad and Tobago

Identification of the prevalence and spread of ESBL-mediated antibiotic resistance is essential especially in the hospital setting. It is for this reason, more and more studies are highlighting the importance ...

Authors: Paul Cheddie, Francis Dziva and Patrick Eberechi Akpaka

Molecular characteristic of mcr-1 producing Escherichia coli in a Chinese university hospital

Colistin has been considered as a last-line treatment option in severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative pathogens. However, the emergence of the mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-1)...

Authors: Qing-wen He, Xiao-hong Xu, Fang-jun Lan, Zhi-chang Zhao, Zhi-yun Wu, Ying-ping Cao and Bin Li

Recurrent Scedosporium apiospermum mycetoma successfully treated by surgical excision and terbinafine treatment: a case report and review of the literature

Scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging opportunistic filamentous fungus, which is notorious for its high levels of antifungal-resistance. It is able to cause localized cutaneous or su...

Authors: Eszter J. Tóth, Géza R. Nagy, Mónika Homa, Marianna Ábrók, Ildikó É. Kiss, Gábor Nagy, Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő, Lajos Kemény, Edit Urbán, Csaba Vágvölgyi and Tamás Papp

Erratum to: Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Authors: Ankit Belbase, Narayan Dutt Pant, Krishus Nepal, Bibhusan Neupane, Rikesh Baidhya, Reena Baidya and Binod Lekhak

Antibiotic resistant airborne bacteria and their multidrug resistance pattern at University teaching referral Hospital in South Ethiopia

Hospitals provide a reservoir of microorganisms, many of which are multi-resistant to antibiotics. Emergence of multi-drug resistant strains in a hospital environment, particularly in developing countries is a...

Authors: Fithamlak Bisetegen Solomon, Fiseha Wada Wadilo, Amsalu Amache Arota and Yishak Leka Abraham

Factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage and molecular characteristics among the general population at a Medical College Campus in Guangzhou, South China

The nasal cavity is the main colonization site of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in human body. Nasal carriage may be a strong risk factor for some serious infection. There was still limited information about ...

Authors: B. J. Chen, X. Y. Xie, L. J. Ni, X. L. Dai, Y. Lu, X. Q. Wu, H. Y. Li, Y. D. Yao and S. Y. Huang

Dose-dependent artificial prolongation of prothrombin time by interaction between daptomycin and test reagents in patients receiving warfarin: a prospective in vivo clinical study

Daptomycin has been reported to cause artificial prolongation of prothrombin time (PT) by interacting with some test reagents of PT. This prolongation was particularly prominent with high concentrations of dap...

Authors: Makoto Saito, Shuji Hatakeyama, Hideki Hashimoto, Takumitsu Suzuki, Daisuke Jubishi, Makoto Kaneko, Yukio Kume, Takehito Yamamoto, Hiroshi Suzuki and Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi

Babesiosis in Long Island: review of 62 cases focusing on treatment with azithromycin and atovaquone

Babesiosis is a potentially life-threatening, tick-borne infection endemic in New York. The purpose of this study was to review recent trends in babesiosis management and outcomes focusing on patients, who wer...

Authors: Ekaterina A. Kletsova, Eric D. Spitzer, Bettina C. Fries and Luis A. Marcos

High fluoroquinolone MIC is associated with fluoroquinolone treatment failure in urinary tract infections caused by fluoroquinolone susceptible Escherichia coli

Suboptimal clinical response to fluoroquinolone (FQ) therapy has been clearly documented in patients with Salmonella typhi infection with reduced FQ susceptibility. However, the clinical impact of reduced FQ s...

Authors: Pinyo Rattanaumpawan, Irving Nachamkin, Warren B. Bilker, Jason A. Roy, Joshua P. Metlay, Theoklis E. Zaoutis and Ebbing Lautenbach

The efficacy and safety of tigecycline for the treatment of bloodstream infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with high mortality rates. Due to tigecycline has shown excellent in vitro activity against most pathogens, tigecycline is selected as one of the candi...

Authors: Jian Wang, Yaping Pan, Jilu Shen and Yuanhong Xu

Molecular characterization of penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated before and after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation in Casablanca, Morocco

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially among children and the elderly. The ability to effectively treat pneumococcal infection has b...

Authors: Idrissa Diawara, Abouddihaj Barguigua, Khalid Katfy, Kaotar Nayme, Houria Belabbes, Mohammed Timinouni, Khalid Zerouali and Naima Elmdaghri

Citrobacter braakii bacteremia-induced septic shock after colonoscopy preparation with polyethylene glycol in a critically ill patient: a case report

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used for bowel cleaning in preparation for colonoscopy because of its safety. Septic shock after PEG preparation is an extremely rare complication. Herein, we describe a cas...

Authors: Tetsuya Yumoto, Yoshiyasu Kono, Seiji Kawano, Chihiro Kamoi, Atsuyoshi Iida, Motoko Nose, Keiji Sato, Toyomu Ugawa, Hiroyuki Okada, Yoshihito Ujike and Atsunori Nakao

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in camel in Egypt: potential human hazard

The rapid increase of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are a potential health hazard. Development of antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens has serious implications for human he...

Authors: Mahmoud Elhariri, Dalia Hamza, Rehab Elhelw and Sohad M. Dorgham

Antibiotic consumption in laboratory confirmed vs. non-confirmed bloodstream infections among very low birth weight neonates in Poland

Newborns are a population in which antibiotic consumption is extremely high. Targeted antibiotic therapy should help to reduce antibiotics consumption. The aim of this study was an assessment of antibiotic usa...

Authors: A. Różańska, J. Wójkowska-Mach, P. Adamski, M. Borszewska-Kornacka, E. Gulczyńska, M. Nowiczewski, E. Helwich, A. Kordek, D. Pawlik and M. Bulanda

Killing of Serratia marcescens biofilms with chloramphenicol

Serratia marcescens is a Gram-negative bacterium with proven resistance to multiple antibiotics and causative of catheter-associated infections. Bacterial colonization of catheters mainly...

Authors: Christopher Ray, Anukul T. Shenoy, Carlos J. Orihuela and Norberto González-Juarbe

Systematic review and meta-analysis of mortality of patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

Carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) has aroused widespread attention owing to its very limited therapeutic options, and this strain has increased rapidly in recent years. Although it is accepted that drug r...

Authors: Liangfei Xu, Xiaoxi Sun and Xiaoling Ma

Activity of AMP2041 against human and animal multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant pathogen causing human and animal infections, frequently displaying high levels of resistance to commonly used a...

Authors: Clotilde Silvia Cabassi, Andrea Sala, Davide Santospirito, Giovanni Loris Alborali, Edoardo Carretto, Giovanni Ghibaudo and Simone Taddei

Higher atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (a-EPEC) bacterial loads in children with diarrhea are associated with PCR detection of the EHEC factor for adherence 1/lymphocyte inhibitory factor A (efa1/lifa) gene

Typical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (t-EPEC) are known to cause diarrhea in children but it is uncertain whether atypical EPEC (a-EPEC) do, since a-EPEC lack the bundle-forming pilus (bfp) gene that encodes...

Authors: Robert Slinger, Kimberley Lau, Michael Slinger, Ioana Moldovan and Francis Chan

Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

The increasing drug resistance along with inducible clindamycin resistance, methicillin resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus are present as the serious problems to the succ...

Authors: Ankit Belbase, Narayan Dutt Pant, Krishus Nepal, Bibhusan Neupane, Rikesh Baidhya, Reena Baidya and Binod Lekhak

Mycobacterium goodii endocarditis following mitral valve ring annuloplasty

Mycobacterium goodii is an infrequent human pathogen which has been implicated in prosthesis related infections and penetrating injuries. It is often initially misidentified as a gram-...

Authors: Rohan B. Parikh and Matthew Grant

Occurrence of bla _DHA-1 mediated cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli and their transcriptional response against cephalosporin stress: a report from India

Treatment alternatives for DHA-1 harboring strains are challenging as it confers resistance to broad spectrum cephalosporins and may further limit treatment option when expressed at higher levels. Therefore, t...

Authors: Birson Ingti, Deepjyoti Paul, Anand Prakash Maurya, Debajyoti Bora, Debadatta Dhar Chanda, Atanu Chakravarty and Amitabha Bhattacharjee

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans osteomyelitis in a 12 year old boy: case report emphasizing the importance of tissue culture, and review of literature

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans most commonly causes periodontitis but has been reported to infect heart valves, soft tissue, brain and lungs, and distal bones. Osteomyelitis dis...

Authors: Ketaki Sharma, Poonam Mudgil, John S. Whitehall and Iain Gosbell

A super-infection in the cornea caused by Stemphylium, Acremonium, and α-Streptococcus

Polymicrobial keratitis with fungus and bacteria can lead to blindness and is challenging to treat. Here, we introduce a case of fungal keratitis caused by two different strains in addition to definite bacteri...

Authors: Fumika Hotta, Hiroshi Eguchi, Keiko Nishimura, Masahiro Kogiso, Mayumi Ishimaru, Shunji Kusaka, Yoshikazu Shimomura and Takashi Yaguchi

Pandemics, pathogenicity and changing molecular epidemiology of cholera in the era of global warming

Vibrio cholerae, a Gram-negative, non-spore forming curved rod is found in diverse aquatic ecosystems around the planet. It is classified according to its major surface antigen into ar...

Authors: Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Zannatun Nur, Nazia Hassan, Lorenz von Seidlein and Susanna Dunachie

Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in HIV/AIDS: when to start antiretroviral therapy?

Authors: Carlos Franco-Paredes, Daniel B. Chastain, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales and Luis A. Marcos

Brucella melitensis VirB12 recombinant protein is a potential marker for serodiagnosis of human brucellosis

The numerous drawbacks of current serological tests for diagnosis of brucellosis which mainly results from cross reactivity with LPS from other gram-negative bacteria have generated an increasing interest to f...

Authors: Shiva Mirkalantari, Amir-Hassan Zarnani, Mahboobeh Nazari, Gholam Reza Irajian and Nour Amirmozafari

Stryphnodendron adstringens and purified tannin on Pythium insidiosum: in vitro and in vivo studies

Pythium insidiosum is the etiological agent of pythiosis, an emerging life-threatening infectious disease in tropical and subtropical regions. The pathogen is a fungus-like organism re...

Authors: Rodrigo Trolezi, Juliana Maziero Azanha, Natália Rodrigues Paschoal, Jéssica Luana Chechi, Marcelo José Dias Silva, Viciany Eric Fabris, Wagner Vilegas, Ramon Kaneno, Ary Fernandes Junior and Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco

Hematologic manifestations of babesiosis

Babesiosis, a zoonotic parasitic infection transmitted by the Ixodes tick, has become an emerging health problem in humans that is attracting attention worldwide. Most cases of human babesiosis are reported in...

Authors: Tamer Akel and Neville Mobarakai

Bacteriological water quality in school’s drinking fountains and detection antibiotic resistance genes

The fecal coliform can contaminate water of human consumption causing problems to public health. Many of these microorganisms may contain plasmid and transfer them to other bacteria. This genetic material may ...

Authors: Denize Gomes Freitas, Rassan Dyego Romão Silva, Luis Artur Mendes Bataus, Mônica Santiago Barbosa, Carla Afonso da Silva Bitencourt Braga and Lilian Carla Carneiro

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci from Nigerian traditional fermented foods

Coagulase-negative staphylococci have become increasingly recognized as the etiological agent of some infections. A significant characteristic of coagulase-negative staphylococci especially strains isolated fr...

Authors: P. T. Fowoyo and S. T. Ogunbanwo

Surveillance of life-long antibiotics: a review of antibiotic prescribing practices in an Australian Healthcare Network

The rise of antimicrobial use in the twentieth century has significantly reduced morbidity due to infection, however it has also brought with it the rise of increasing resistance. Some patients are on prolonge...

Authors: Jillian S. Y. Lau, Christopher Kiss, Erika Roberts, Kylie Horne, Tony M. Korman and Ian Woolley

Anti-staphylococcal activity resulting from epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations of amikacin inhale administered via the pulmonary drug delivery system

Amikacin inhale (BAY41-6551), a unique drug—device combination of a specially formulated drug solution and a pulmonary drug delivery system device (AMK-I) is currently under phase III study as an adjunctive th...

Authors: Islam M. Ghazi, Mordechai Grupper and David P. Nicolau

The occurrence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli carrying aminoglycoside resistance genes in urinary tract infections in Saudi Arabia

The infection and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is a worldwide problem, and the presence of ESBLs varies between countries. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of plasmid-media...

Authors: Essam J. Alyamani, Anamil M. Khiyami, Rayan Y. Booq, Majed A. Majrashi, Fayez S. Bahwerth and Elena Rechkina

Assessment of antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae exposed to sequential in vitro antibiotic treatments

Bacteria treated with different classes of antibiotics exhibit changes in susceptibility to successive antibiotic treatments. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of sequential antibiotic treatmen...

Authors: Jeongjin Kim, Ara Jo, Ekachai Chukeatirote and Juhee Ahn

Genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance among avian pathogenic Escherichia coli

Avian-pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are pathogenic strains of E. coli that are responsible for one of the most predominant bacterial disease affecting poultry worldwide called avian colibacillosis. This stud...

Authors: Amal Awad, Nagah Arafat and Mohamed Elhadidy

A prospective observational cohort study in primary care practices to identify factors associated with treatment failure in Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections

The incidence of outpatient visits for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) has substantially increased over the last decade. The emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (...

Authors: Grace C. Lee, Ronald G. Hall, Natalie K. Boyd, Steven D. Dallas, Liem C. Du, Lucina B. Treviño, Sylvia B. Treviño, Chad Retzloff, Kenneth A. Lawson, James Wilson, Randall J. Olsen, Yufeng Wang and Christopher R. Frei

Management of infection by the Zika virus

A panel of national experts was convened by the Brazilian Infectious Diseases Society in order to organize the national recommendations for the management of zika virus infection. The focus of this document is...

Authors: Melissa Barreto Falcao, Sergio Cimerman, Kleber Giovanni Luz, Alberto Chebabo, Helena Andrade Brigido, Iza Maria Lobo, Artur Timerman, Rodrigo Nogueira Angerami, Clovis Arns da Cunha, Helio Arthur Bacha, Jesse Reis Alves, Alexandre Naime Barbosa, Ralcyon Francis Teixeira, Leonardo Weissmann, Priscila Rosalba Oliveira, Marco Antonio Cyrillo…

Bibliometric analysis of global scientific research on carbapenem resistance (1986–2015)

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health challenge and carbapenem resistance, in particular, is considered an urgent global health threat. This study was carried out to give a bibliometric overview o...

Authors: Waleed M. Sweileh, Naser Y. Shraim, Samah W. Al-Jabi, Ansam F. Sawalha, Adham S. AbuTaha and Sa’ed H. Zyoud

Rapid screening for antibiotic resistance elements on the RNA transcript, protein and enzymatic activity level

The emerging threat posed by antibiotic resistance has affected public health systems all over the world. Surveillance of resistant bacteria in clinical settings and identifying them in mixed cultures is of pa...

Authors: Alexander Rohde, Jens Andre Hammerl and Sascha Al Dahouk

Extraction of total nucleic acids from bacterial isolates using the bioMérieux NucliSENS easyMAG total nucleic acid extractor

The BioMerieux NucliSENS easyMAG total nucleic acid extractor was evaluated for use on bacterial isolates in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Forty eight isolates were extracted, yielding quantifiable amo...

Authors: Eleanor A. Powell and Joel E. Mortensen

Emerging azithromycin-resistance among the Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in Hungary

In the 1990s, azithromycin became the drug of choice for many infectious diseases but emerging resistance to the drug has only been reported in the last decade. In the last 5 years, the National Neisseria gonorrh...

Authors: Alexandra Brunner, Eva Nemes-Nikodem, Csaba Jeney, Dora Szabo, Marta Marschalko, Sarolta Karpati and Eszter Ostorhazi

Ethnomedicines and anti-parasitic activities of Pakistani medicinal plants against Plasmodia and Leishmania parasites

Leishmaniasis and malaria are the two most common parasitic diseases and responsible for large number of deaths per year particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Majority of Pakistan population rely...

Authors: Akash Tariq, Muhammad Adnan, Rahila Amber, Kaiwen Pan, Sakina Mussarat and Zabta Khan Shinwari

Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from various healthcare institutions in Nairobi, Kenya: a cross sectional study

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has established itself over the years as a major cause of morbidity and mortality both within the community and in healthcare settings. Methicillin re...

Authors: Geoffrey Omuse, Kristien Nel Van Zyl, Kim Hoek, Shima Abdulgader, Samuel Kariuki, Andrew Whitelaw and Gunturu Revathi

Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among homeless individuals in Dessie and Debre Birhan towns, Northeast Ethiopia

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the globe’s deadliest communicable diseases. The homeless individuals are at high risk to acquire TB and multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), because of their poor living conditio...

Authors: Tsedale Semunigus, Belay Tessema, Setegn Eshetie and Feleke Moges