Table 3 Clinical cure or success in mixed/unspecified bacteremia patients receiving C/T

Case report and case series

 Pezzi et al., 2019 [24]

Case report

Maternal sepsis (not further specified)

E. coli: 100%, K. pneumonia: 100%^a

–

–

–

100% (1/1)

 Jones et al., 2020 [27]

Case report

–

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified), E. coli: 100%

–

Defined as symptom resolution at the end of therapy, which was defined as documented subjective patient report of no complaints, distress, or disease-specific signs and/

or symptoms at follow-up outpatient physician clinic visits

–

100% (1/1)

 Sacha et al., 2017 [28]

Case series

Mixed infections: pneumonia, intra-abdominal, skin and soft tissue, primary bacteremia, bone and joint infection, pleural space infections

–

MDR infection: 40.4%, XDR infection: 25%, PDR infection: NR

–

–

77.8% (7/12)^b

Case-control study

 Fernandez-Cruz et al., 2019 [29]

Case–control study

Bacteremia secondary n = 7, and primary n = 3

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified)

MDR infection: 50%, XDR infection: 50%

–

14 days

All patients: 80% (8/10)^c,d

Monotherapy: 75.0% (3/4)^c

Combination: 83.3% (5/6)^c

Retrospective cohort studies

 Bassetti et al., 2019 [12]

Retrospective cohort

Mixed infections: nosocomial pneumonia, ABSSSI, cIAI, cUTI, bone infection and sepsis

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified)

–

Clinical cure or success was defined as complete resolution of clinical signs and symptoms related to P. aeruginosa infection and lack of microbiological evidence of infection

–

70.4% (19/27)

  Bassetti et al., 2019 [12]

Retrospective cohort

Mixed infections: nosocomial pneumonia, ABSSSI, cIAI, cUTI, bone infection and septic shock

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified)

–

Clinical cure or success was defined as complete resolution of clinical signs and symptoms related to P. aeruginosa infection and lack of microbiological evidence of infection

–

91.7% (11/12)

 Caston et al., 2017 [14]

Retrospective cohort

Overall mixed infections and sepsis/septic shock

Mixed hospital-acquired infections: Abdominal (N = 3), Respiratory (N = 6), Otitis and mastoiditis (N = 1), Biliary (N = 1), Venous Central Catheter (N = 1)

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified)

MDR infection: 100%

Clinical outcome considered a "cure" when attending physician observed a resolution of signs and symptoms and there were no radiologic findings of infection

30 days (after isolation of P. aeruginosa)

75.0% (9/12)

 Escola-Verge et al., 2018 [16]

Retrospective cohort

Mixed infections: lower respiratory tract, Soft tissue, Urinary tract, Bone, Intra-abdominal, BSI, Mediastinitis

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified), Enterobacter: 13.15%^e

XDR infection: 100%^f

Defined as resolution of signs and symptoms of the index infection at 90 days of follow-up

90 days

72.73% (8/11)

 Jayakumar et al., 2018 [10]

Retrospective cohort

Mixed infections: Respiratory, Blood, Urinary, Tissue, Wound (patients could have more than one infection)

Pseudomonas: 95% (not further specified)

• Polymicrobial Pseudomonas infection: Enterobacter (10%), Acinetobacter (10%), Providencia (5%),

• Meningosepheum (5%),

• Morganella (5%),

• Candida (14%)

K

Pneumoniae: 5%

MDR infection: 86%, all patients with Pseudomonas infections)

Documented microbiological eradication or discharge within 30 days from last C/T dose without death

30 days

77.0% (17/22)

30 days

57.0% (4/7)^g

30 days

87.0% (13/15)^h

 King et al., 2018 [11]

Retrospective cohort

Overall

Mixed infections: pneumonia, UTI, intra-abdominal, wound

Pseudomonas: 100% (not further specified)

MDR infection: 100%

Defined by improved symptoms, improved imaging where relevant and fever reduction

–

76.0% (19/25)

 Xipell et al., 2018 [22]

Retrospective cohort

Overall Mixed infections: submandibular fasciitis or UTI and deep surgical-site infection

–

MDR infection: 17.39%, XDR infection: 79%, PDR infection: 4%

–

–

50.0% (3/6)ⁱ