Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
Characteristic | TB patient | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
MDR-TB (n = 213) | DS-TB (n = 487) | ||
Gender, n (%) | 0.962 | ||
Male | 84 (39.4) | 193 (39.6) | |
Female | 129 (60.6) | 294 (60.4) | |
Alcohol use (≥ one unit/day), n (%) | 0.606 | ||
Yes | 26 (12.2) | 53 (10.9) | |
No | 187 (87.8) | 434 (89.1) | |
Smoking (any cigarettes/week), n (%) | 0.256 | ||
Yes | 38 (17.8) | 70 (14.4) | |
No | 175 (82.2) | 417 (85.6) | |
Previous TB history, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 68 (31.9) | 62 (12.9) | |
No | 145 (68.1) | 425 (87.1) | |
HIV positive, n (%) | 0.020 | ||
Yes | 18 (8.5) | 20 (4.1) | |
No | 195 (91.5) | 467 (95.9) | |
Coexisting diabetes, n (%) | 0.518 | ||
Yes | 14 (6.6) | 26 (5.3) | |
No | 199 (93.4) | 461 (94.7) | |
History of hospitalization, n (%) | 0.257 | ||
Yes | 14 (6.6) | 22 (4.5) | |
No | 199 (93.4) | 465 (95.5) | |
Any side effects of treatment, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 145 (68.1) | 206 (42.3) | |
No | 68 (31.9) | 281 (57.7) | |
Socioeconomic statusa, n (%) | 0.152 | ||
1 | 77 (36.2) | 211 (43.3) | |
2 | 73 (34.3) | 137 (28.1) | |
3 | 63 (29.6) | 139 (28.5) | |
Completed secondary education, n (%) | 0.007 | ||
Yes | 143 (67.1) | 274 (56.9) | |
No | 70 (32.9) | 213 (43.1) | |
Employment status, n (%) | 0.114 | ||
Unemployed | 131 (61.5) | 247 (50.7) | |
Working | 60 (28.2) | 175 (35.9) | |
Student | 22 (10.3) | 62 (12.7) | |
Unknown | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | |
Spoligotype family (SpolDB4 Database), n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Haarlem | 23 (10.8) | 120 (24.6) | |
Beijing | 19 (8.9) | 53 (10.9) | |
Latin American Mediterranean | 42 (19.7) | 50 (10.3) | |
T | 76 (35.7) | 67 (13.8) | |
Other Euro-Americanb | 10 (4.7) | 51 (10.5) | |
Orphan/no family | 17 (8.0) | 58 (11.9) | |
Unknown (no data) | 26 (12.2) | 88 (18.1) | |
Sputum smear grade, n (%) | 0.100 | ||
0 | 26 (12.2) | 41 (8.4) | |
1 | 52 (24.4) | 145 (29.8) | |
2 | 47 (22.1) | 133 (27.3) | |
3 | 82 (38.5) | 152 (31.2) | |
Unknown | 6 (2.8) | 16 (3.3) | |
Mean cough duration, (weeks) | 4.0 (2.2–8.0) | 4.0 (2.0–8.0) | 0.112 |