Table 1 Baseline characteristics and dosing variables by level of liver dysfunction
From: The risk of vancomycin toxicity in patients with liver impairment
Variable | No to mild liver dysfunction (n = 237) n (%) | Moderate to severe liver dysfunction (n = 171) n (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||
 Mean ± SD | 55.4 ± 17.1 | 59.3 ± 15.3 | 0.0169 |
 18 –44 | 61 (25.7) | 26 (15.2) | 0.0354 |
 45 –64 | 104 (43.9) | 83 (48.5) |  |
  ≥ 65 | 72 (30.4) | 62 (36.3) |  |
Female (%) | 74 (31.2) | 59 (34.5) | 0.4856 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||
 Mean ± SD | 30.5 ± 9.5 | 29.6 ± 9.9 | 0.0532 |
  < 25 | 62 (26.2) | 64 (37.4) | 0.0507 |
 25–29.9 | 71 (30.2) | 45 (26.3) |  |
  ≥ 30 | 104 (43.9) | 62 (36.3) |  |
Vancomycin total daily dose (mg) | |||
 Mean ± SD | 3030 ± 969 | 2768 ± 1014 | 0.0082 |
 750–2000 | 62 (26.2) | 63 (36.8) | 0.0412 |
 2001–3000 | 86 (36.3) | 61 (35.7) |  |
 3001–4000 | 50 (21.1) | 21 (12.3) |  |
  > 4000 | 39 (16.5) | 26 (15.2) |  |
Vancomycin dosing frequency | |||
 Every 8 h | 140 (59.1) | 80 (46.8) | 0.0363 |
 Every 12 h | 95 (40.1) | 88 (51.5) |  |
 Every 24 h | 2 (0.8) | 3 (1.8) |  |
Charlson comorbidity index, mean ± SD | 1.7 ± 2.1 | 2.7 ± 2.5 | < 0.0001 |
Comorbidities | |||
 Cardiovascular diseases | 67 (28.3) | 61 (35.7) | 0.1118 |
 Cancer | 17 (7.2) | 36 (21.1) | < 0.0001 |
 Anemia | 96 (40.5) | 134 (78.4) | < 0.0001 |
Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | |||
 Mean ± SD | 82.8 ± 29.8 | 79.1 ± 34.9 | 0.0272 |
 30 –59 | 48 (20.3) | 60 (35.1) | 0.0032 |
 60– 89 | 108 (45.6) | 60 (35.1) |  |
  ≥ 90 | 81 (34.2) | 51 (29.8) |  |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | < 0.0001 |