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Table 3 Culture results of the IUDs removed after different times in place

From: Culture- and PCR-based detection of BV associated microbiological profile of the removed IUDs and correlation with the time period of IUD in place and the presence of the symptoms of genital tract infection

Culture results

Number of patients (%)

IUD < 5 years

IUD 5–< 10 years

IUD ≥ 10 years

All IUDs

n = 32

n = 36

n = 32

n = 100

Culture negative

11 (34.4)

16 (44.4)

11 (34.4)

38

Culture positive

21 (65.6)

20 (55.6)

21 (65.6)

62

≤ 2 aerobic isolatesa

11 (34.4)

7 (19.4)

12 (38.4)

30

≥ 3 anaerobic isolatesb

8 (25.0)

11 (30.5)

9 (28.1)

28

S. agalactiae positivec

7

4

3

14

Mycoplasma positive

0

0

0

0

U. urealyticum positive

1

3

2

6

N. gonorrhoeae positive

0

0

0

0

Candida albicans positive

1

1

0

2

  1. aOnly aerobic bacteria were isolated alone or together with one other. The following species were found: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, S. aureus, Str. α-haemolyticus, E. faecalis, G. morbillorum, Lactobacillus spp., E. coli
  2. bDifferent anaerobic species typically found in BV were isolated (together with other bacteria and fungi): B. fragilis, P. bivia, P. intermedia, P. melaninogenica, P. assacharolytica, Gram positive anaerobe cocci, P. assacharolyticus, G. vaginalis, A. vaginae, Mobiluncus spp., Actinomyces spp.
  3. cS. agalactiae was isolated with high CFU/ml alone or together with some other aerobic or anaerobic bacteria