Variable | All patients n = 110 (%) | Survivors n = 68 (%) | Death due to sepsis n = 42 (%) | P | OR | CI95% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, median (IQR) | 58 (35–73) | 58 (34–73) | 60 (35–73) | 0.7 | ||
Men | 69 (62) | 45 (66) | 24 (57) | 0.3 | ||
Days of hospital stay, median (IQR) | 26 (13–46) | 32 (18–56) | 21 (9–34) | 0.001 | ||
Critical care admission | 50 (45) | 24 (35) | 26 (61) | 0.006 | 2.9 | 1.3–6.6 |
Ventilatory support | 41 (37) | 13 (19) | 28 (66) | 0.001 | 8.4 | 3.5–20 |
Days in critical care, median (IQR) | 8 (3–20) | 8 (4–17) | 7 (1–24) | 0.3 | ||
Serum creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.3) | 0.3 | ||
Acute kidney injury | 41/101 (40) | 24/61 (39) | 17/40 (42) | 0.7 | ||
Serum lactate levels, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1.2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2.9) | 0.5 | ||
Lactate levels ≥ 2 mmol/L | 36/70 (51) | 16/37 (43) | 20/33 (60) | 0.1 | ||
Shock requiring vasopressor support | 45 (40) | 18 (26) | 27 (64) | 0.001 | 5 | 2.1–11.4 |
Pitt bacteremia score, median (IQR) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–2) | 3 (1.7–4) | 0.001 | ||
Pitt bacteremia score 0–1 point | 43 (39) | 33 (48) | 10 (23) | 0.01 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.7 |
Pitt bacteremia score > 3 points | 28 (25) | 9 (13) | 19 (45) | 0.001 | 5.4 | 2.1–13.6 |
qSOFA at the time sepsis is suspected, 2–3 points | 41 (37) | 22 (32) | 19 (45) | 0.1 | ||
Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (1.7–6.2) | 0.9 | ||
Charlson > 4 points | 48 (43) | 29 (42) | 19 (45) | 0.7 | ||
Community acquired infection | 28 (25) | 19 (27) | 9 (21) | 0.4 | ||
Hospital-acquired infection | 82 (74) | 49 (72) | 33 (78) | 0.4 | ||
Presence of risk factors for healthcare-associated infection | 84 (76) | 48 (70) | 36 (85) | 0.07 | ||
Secondary bacteremia | 86 (78) | 53 (77) | 33 (78) | 0.9 | ||
Primary bacteremia | 13 (11) | 8 (11) | 5 (11) | 0.9 | ||
Catheter-associated bloodstream infection | 11 (10) | 7 (10) | 4 (9) | 0.8 | ||
Urinary tract infection | 25/86 (29) | 20/53 (37) | 5/33 (15) | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.09–0.8 |
Source of infection other than urinary tract | 61/97 (62) | 33/60 (55) | 28/37 (75) | 0.04 | 2.5 | 1.02–6.3 |
Pneumonia | 18/86 (20) | 8/53 (15) | 10/33 (30) | 0.09 | ||
Febrile neutropenia | 12/86 (14) | 8/53 (15) | 4/33 (12) | 0.7 | ||
Sepsis of abdominal origin (peritonitis, cholangitis) | 30/86 (34) | 17/53 (32) | 13/33 (39) | 0.4 | ||
High blood pressure | 53 (48) | 28 (41) | 25 (59) | 0.06 | ||
Diabetes mellitus type 2 | 27 (24) | 16 (23) | 11 (26) | 0.7 | ||
Cancer | 31 (28) | 19 (27) | 12 (28) | 0.9 | ||
COPD | 21 (19) | 12 (17) | 9 (21) | 0.6 | ||
Chronic kidney disease stage 4 and 5 | 19 (17) | 9 (13) | 10 (23) | 0.1 | ||
Heart failure | 19 (17) | 12 (17) | 7 (16) | 0.8 | ||
Empirical antibiotic therapy | 104 (94) | 65 (95) | 39 (92) | 0.5 | ||
Total days of empirical treatment (appropriate and inappropriate) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | 0.5 | ||
Empirical treatment with carbapenem (appropriate treatment) | 44/104 (42) | 27/65 (41) | 17/39 (43) | 0.8 | ||
Empirical treatment with non-carbapenem antibiotics | 60/104 (57) | 38/65 (58) | 22/39 (56) | 0.8 | ||
Ampicillin sulbactam | 12/104 (11) | 8/65 (12) | 4/39 (10) | 1 | ||
Piperacillin tazobactam | 29/104 (27) | 18/65 (27) | 11/39 (28) | 0.9 | ||
Cefepime | 14/104 (13) | 10/65 (15) | 4/39 (10) | 0.4 |