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Table 3 Effects of antibiotic exposure in different stages during the first one year of life on the growth outcomes from birth to two and a half years old

From: Early-life antibiotic exposure increases the risk of childhood overweight and obesity in relation to dysbiosis of gut microbiota: a birth cohort study

Variables*

Less than 3 months (n = 90)

3 to 6 months

(n = 447)

6 months to one year (n = 598)

F/x 2

P

At birth

Height (cm)

50.00 ± 1.83

50.14 ± 1.78

50.06 ± 1.61

0.238

0.789

Weight (kg)

3.34 ± 0.54

3.41 ± 0.50

3.37 ± 0.44

0.780

0.459

BMI (kg/m2)

13.31 ± 1.52

13.55 ± 1.79

13.45 ± 1.55

0.780

0.459

Six months

Height (cm)

68.59 ± 2.76

69.29 ± 3.13

68.79 ± 2.54

0.864

0.423

Weight (kg)

8.40 ± 1.06

8.69 ± 1.25

8.66 ± 1.19

0.637

0.530

BMI (kg/m2)

17.82 ± 1.87

18.08 ± 1.98

18.25 ± 1.79

0.509

0.602

One year

Height (cm)

76.64 ± 2.80

76.65 ± 3.02

76.43 ± 2.75

0.306

0.736

Weight (kg)

10.31 ± 1.29

10.03 ± 1.10

10.11 ± 1.31

1.053

0.350

BMI (kg/m2)

17.51 ± 1.53

17.06 ± 1.34

17.26 ± 1.60

2.030

0.133

Overweight (n, %)

10 (11.11)

63 (14.09)

81 (13.55)

0.569

0.752

Obesity (n, %)

5 (5.56)

18 (4.03)

33 (5.52)

1.294

0.524

One and a half years

Height (cm)

83.17 ± 2.91

83.31 ± 2.92

83.00 ± 2.81

0.841

0.432

Weight (kg)

11.69 ± 1.50

11.59 ± 1.29

11.61 ± 1.21

0.165

0.848

BMI (kg/m2)

16.79 ± 1.61

16.58 ± 1.19

16.75 ± 1.26

1.492

0.226

Overweight (n, %)

11 (12.23)

58 (12.98)

75 (12.54)

0.062

0.969

Obesity (n, %)

4 (4.44)

21 (4.70)

27 (4.52)

0.024

0.988

Two years

Height (cm)

87.99 ± 3.12

88.27 ± 3.14

88.01 ± 3.08

0.559

0.572

Weight (kg)

12.68 ± 1.71

12.72 ± 1.54

12.76 ± 1.34

0.106

0.899

BMI (kg/m2)

16.47 ± 1.58

16.42 ± 1.27

16.59 ± 1.22

1.235

0.292

Overweight (n, %)

15 (16.67)

72 (16.11)

94 (15.72)

0.067

0.967

Obesity (n, %)

6 (6.67)

32 (7.16)

36 (6.02)

0.548

0.760

Two and a half years

Height (cm)

93.14 ± 3.51

93.77 ± 3.35

93.42 ± 3.29

0.552

0.576

Weight (kg)

14.19 ± 1.71

14.25 ± 1.52

14.37 ± 1.53

0.279

0.757

BMI (kg/m2)

16.33 ± 1.39

16.17 ± 1.06

16.43 ± 1.09

1.698

0.185

Overweight (n, %)

16 (17.78)

76 (17.01)

101 (16.89)

0.044

0.878

Obesity (n, %)

4 (4.45)

28 (6.26)

39 (6.52)

0.576

0.750

  1. Note: * The prevalence of overweight and obesity was shown as n (%) and analyzed by χ2 test among the less than 3 months, 3 months to 6 months and 6 months to one year groups, while the other variables were shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA).
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Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

ISSN: 1476-0711

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