Table 2 Effects of antibiotic exposure in the first one year of life on the growth and development outcomes from birth to two and a half years old
Variables* | Control group (n = 1005) | Antibiotic exposed group (n = 1135) | t/χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
At birth Height (cm) | 50.09 ± 1.71 | 50.08 ± 1.69 | 0.142 | 0.887 |
Weight (kg) | 3.32 ± 0.44 | 3.38 ± 0.47 | 1.164 | 0.246 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 13.23 ± 1.52 | 13.47 ± 1.61 | 0.611 | 0.541 |
Six months Height (cm) | 68.57 ± 2.56 | 68.99 ± 2.85 | 1.209 | 0.228 |
Weight (kg) | 8.25 ± 1.38 | 8.64 ± 1.21 | 1.624 | 0.106 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 17.54 ± 2.52 | 18.15 ± 1.89 | 1.658 | 0.099 |
One year Height (cm) | 76.32 ± 2.58 | 76.54 ± 2.84 | 1.192 | 0.234 |
Weight (kg) | 9.79 ± 1.06 | 10.11 ± 1.24 | 1.201 | 0.230 |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 16.78 ± 1.27 | 17.23 ± 1.50 | 4.547 | < 0.001 |
Overweight (n, %) | 106 (10.55) | 154 (13.57) | 4.558 | 0.033 |
Obesity (n, %) | 31 (3.08) | 56 (4.93) | 4.674 | 0.031 |
One and a half years Height (cm) | 82.89 ± 2.81 | 83.13 ± 2.86 | 1.437 | 0.151 |
Weight (kg) | 11.00 ± 1.12 | 11.61 ± 1.27 | 2.328 | 0.020 |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 16.01 ± 1.15 | 16.80 ± 1.28 | 10.718 | < 0.001 |
Overweight (n, %) | 98 (9.75) | 144 (12.69) | 4.581 | 0.032 |
Obesity (n, %) | 24 (2.39) | 52 (4.58) | 7.487 | 0.006 |
Two years Height (cm) | 88.26 ± 3.15 | 88.09 ± 3.08 | 0.962 | 0.338 |
Weight (kg) | 12.56 ± 1.38 | 12.74 ± 1.45 | 1.495 | 0.135 |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 16.12 ± 1.48 | 16.52 ± 1.58 | 2.868 | 0.004 |
Overweight (n, %) | 114 (11.34) | 181 (15.95) | 9.506 | 0.002 |
Obesity (n, %) | 41 (4.08) | 74 (6.52) | 6.242 | 0.012 |
Two and a half years Height (cm) | 92.77 ± 3.40 | 93.53 ± 3.33 | 1.454 | 0.147 |
Weight (kg) | 13.40 ± 1.42 | 14.31 ± 1.54 | 7.547 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 15.57 ± 1.13 | 16.32 ± 1.12 | 8.507 | < 0.001 |
Overweight (n, %) | 122 (12.14) | 193 (17.01) | 10.050 | 0.002 |
Obesity (n, %) | 44 (4.38) | 71 (6.26) | 4.130 | 0.043 |