Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies (N = 16)
Author | Year | Country | Sample source | TP | FP | FN | TN | Total | PCR type | Gene |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catalan | 1994 | Spain | Hospital room (cold water and hot water) | 12 | 7 | 0 | 15 | 34 | Nested PCR | mip |
Fricker | 1995 | UK | – | 33 | 24 | 8 | 12 | 77 | PCR | mip |
Fiume (a) | 2005 | Italy | Hospitals and private habitations | 77 | 11 | 0 | 36 | 124 | Nested PCR | mip |
Fiume (b) | 2005 | Italy | Hospitals and private habitations | 72 | 9 | 5 | 38 | 124 | PCR | mip |
Yaradou | 2007 | France | Water distribution system, cooling tower | 65 | 50 | 9 | 54 | 178 | r-qPCR | – |
Behets | 2007 | Belgium | Power plants cooling circuits, tap water | 10 | 4 | 0 | 16 | 30 | r-qPCR | – |
Yáñez | 2007 | Spain | Citical points and cooling tower samples | 35 | 14 | 0 | 6 | 55 | Seminested PCR | dotA |
Morio | 2007 | France | 6 distinct sites at hospital | 27 | 30 | 4 | 59 | 120 | r-qPCR | mip |
Bonetta | 2009 | Italy | Cold water at hotel inlet, hot water from boiler, room showers and recycling | 19 | 18 | 0 | 39 | 76 | r-qPCR | mip |
Fittipaldi (a) | 2010 | Terrassa | Cooling tower or hot tap water | 19 | 10 | 3 | 18 | 50 | r-qPCR | dot |
Fittipaldi (b) | 2010 | Terrassa | Big buildings | 21 | 8 | 1 | 20 | 50 | r-qPCR | mip |
Lee | 2011 | UK | Cooling tower, domestic water, spa pools and hot tubs | 311 | 220 | 13 | 193 | 737 | qPCR | – |
Al-Matawah | 2012 | Kuwait | Wash basins and showerheads in bathrooms, taps and tanks from kitchens | 45 | 41 | 4 | 114 | 204 | rRT-PCR | – |
GrĂşas | 2014 | Spain | Terminal points of water network | 12 | 14 | 6 | 13 | 45 | rRT-PCR | mip |
Collins | 2015 | UK | Surface water, water systems, etc. | 31 | 13 | 0 | 156 | 200 | r-qPCR | mip |
Tabatabaei | 2016 | Iran | Hospitals, educational departments, shopping centers, etc. | 4 | 10 | 0 | 20 | 34 | PCR | icmO and sidA and lidA |
Collins | 2017 | UK | Cooling towers, spa pools, ship waters | 181 | 383 | 5 | 1433 | 2002 | r-qPCR | – |
Toplitsch | 2018 | Austria | Drinking water, cooling towers or water | 28 | 24 | 6 | 25 | 83 | qPCR | Mip |