Table 2 Laboratory examinations of young adults with severe COVID-19
Findings (normal range) | Total n = 77 | Survivor n = 37 | Non-survivor n = 40 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood routine test | ||||
 White blood cell, × 109/L (3.5–9.5) | 7.5 (5.9–10.6) | 6.5 (4.7–8.4) | 9.7 (7.1–13.0) |  < 0.001 |
 Neutrophil granulocyte, × 109/L (1.8–6.3) | 6.6 (4.2–9.7) | 5.0 (3.6–6.7) | 8.8 (5.9–12.0) |  < 0.001 |
 Lymphocyte, × 109/L (1.1–3.2) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) |  < 0.001 |
 Red blood cell, × 109/L (3.8–5.1) | 4.2 (3.7–4.6) | 4.2 (3.7–4.4) | 4.2 (3.7–4.8) | 0.383 |
 Haemoglobin, g/L (130–175) | 129 (115–140) | 129 (118–136) | 130 (111–143) | 0.665 |
 Platelet, × 109/L (125–350) | 194 (148–128) | 201 (162–279) | 153 (127–244) | 0.092 |
Coagulation function | ||||
 PT, s (11.5–14.5) | 14.9 (13.8–16.3) | 13.8 (13.3–14.6) | 15.7 (15.1–17.2) |  < 0.001 |
 APTT, s (29.0–42.0) | 39.9 (36.2–44.9) | 40.5 (37.1–44.8) | 39.4 (34.4–45.0) | 0.468 |
 D-dimer, μg/ml (< 0.5) | 2.4 (1.0–21.0) | 1.3 (0.7–2.2) | 18.2 (3.0–21.0) |  < 0.001 |
Biochemical test | ||||
 Albumin, g/L (35.0–52.0) | 31.1 (28.5–35.0) | 32.8 (20.2–36.3) | 30.0 (27.2–33.7) | 0.001 |
 Globulin, g/L (20.0–35.0) | 34.6 (31.5–37.9) | 33.6 (31.1–36.8) | 35.5 (31.6–39.2) | 0.172 |
 Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L (≤ 40) | 34 (23–52) | 30 (20–46) | 37 (28–57) | 0.296 |
 Alanine aminotransferase, U/L (≤ 41) | 29 (20–50) | 28 (20–57) | 29 (18–48) | 0.721 |
 Total-bilirubin, umol/L (≤ 26) | 10.1 (7.5–14.9) | 8.6 (6.7–11.7) | 12.2 (8.4–19.2) | 0.002 |
 Direct-bilirubin, umol/L (≤ 8) | 4.9 (3.5–7.4) | 3.6 (3.3–5.1) | 6.4 (4.5–10.2) |  < 0.001 |
 Creatinine, umol/L (59–104) | 70 (55–87) | 64 (50–82) | 78 (59–99) | 0.024 |
 Urea nitrogen, mmol/L (3.1–8.0) | 5.3 (3.5–7.2) | 3.7 (2.9–5.2) | 7.0 (5.3–9.4) |  < 0.001 |
 LDH, U/L (135–225) | 460 (347–585) | 359 (268–456) | 567 (475–663) | 0.442 |
Infection-related biomarkers | ||||
 Procalcitonin, ng/mL (0.02–0.05) | 0.13 (0.04–0.29) | 0.04 (0.02–0.13) | 0.23 (0.14–0.60) |  < 0.001 |
 ERS, mm/h (0–15) | 35 (20–64) | 34 (20–71) | 37 (20–54) | 0.586 |
 Ferritin, ng (30–400) | 1336 (685–2020) | 1113 (374–1605) | 1701 (995–3113) | 0.032 |
 hs-CRP, mg/L (< 1) | 72.5 (38.3–140.2) | 52.1 (28.4–88.4) | 120 (55.9–183.0) |  < 0.001 |
Myocardial enzymes | ||||
 Creatine kinase, U/L (≤ 190) | 116 (54–308) | 100 (42–212) | 119 (61–397) | 0.442 |
 NT-BNP, pg/mL (< 285) | 292 (87–852) | 87 (39–205) | 709 (300–1773) |  < 0.001 |
 hs-CTnl, pg/mL (≤ 15.6) | 13.0 (3.4–111.3) | 3.6 (2.1–10.1) | 41.5 (12.1–308.6) |  < 0.001 |
 Myoglobin, ng/mL (≤ 106) | 131 (29–324) | 29 (21–123) | 258 (130–470) | 0.001 |