Table 5 Summary of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria and complications reported from different regions of India
From: Severe vivax malaria trends in the last two years: a study from a tertiary care centre, Delhi, India
Study | Year of data collection | Region | No. of P. vivax malaria cases | Prevalence of severe vivax malaria | Complications observed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kochar et al. [25] | 2009 | Rajasthan | 1091 malaria cases 456 (41.8%)- P. vivax | 40 (8.8%) | Jaundice-57.5% |
RF-32.5% | |||||
Cerebral malaria-12.5% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-12.5% | |||||
ARDS-10% | |||||
Shock-7.5% | |||||
Hypoglycaemia-2.5% | |||||
Yadav et al. [11] | 2011 | Delhi | 147 malaria cases 89 (60.5%)- P. vivax | 56 (62.9%) | Abnormal bleeding- 30.3% |
Impaired consciousness-20.2% | |||||
Severe anaemia-17.4% | |||||
Jaundice-13.5% | |||||
Multiple convulsions-10.1% | |||||
RF-6.1% | |||||
ARDS-2.2% | |||||
Metabolic acidosis and Hypoglycaemia-1.1% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-81.2% | |||||
Singh et al. [12] | 2012–2013 | Uttar Pradesh | 401 malaria cases 185 (46.1%)-P. vivax | - | Icterus-32.9% |
Severe anaemia-20.5% | |||||
Cerebral malaria-15.1% | |||||
Hypoglycaemia-2.1% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-51.3% | |||||
Chery et al. [26] | 2012–2015 | Goa | 1088 malaria cases 838 (77%)- P. vivax | 56 (78.9%) | ARDS-42.9% |
Jaundice-41.1% | |||||
RF-19.7% | |||||
Shock-7.1% | |||||
Pulmonary oedema-6.9% | |||||
Severe anaemia-2.8% | |||||
Abnormal bleed- 1.4% | |||||
Gehlawat et al. [27] | 2013 | Haryana | 47 children with malaria | 18/35 (51.4%) | Impaired consciousness-50.9% |
Convulsions-44.4% | |||||
35 severe malaria cases enrolled | Jaundice-27.8% | ||||
Severe anaemia-27.8% | |||||
Shock-16.7% | |||||
Kumari et al. [28] | 2014 | Maharashtra | 50 children with P. vivax malaria | 13 (26%) | Abnormal bleed- 36.5% |
Impaired consciousness- 30.8% | |||||
Severe anaemia- 23% | |||||
ARDS-15.4% | |||||
Shock-15.4% | |||||
Multiple convulsions-7.7% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-94% | |||||
Meena et al. [29] | 2017 | Rajasthan | 55 children with malaria 32 (58.2%)-P. vivax | 26 (60.4%) | Prostatration-49% |
Abnormal bleed-30.9% | |||||
Severe anaemia27.3% | |||||
RF-20% | |||||
Shock-16.7% | |||||
Convulsions-12.7% | |||||
Pulmonary oedema- 2.7% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-70.9% | |||||
Mathews et al. [30] | 2019 | Delhi | 150 cases of P. vivax malaria | 63 (42%) | Jaundice-36% |
ARDS-12.7% | |||||
Abnormal bleed-8.67% | |||||
Metabolic acidosis- 5.33% | |||||
RF- 3.33% | |||||
Severe anaemia- 2.67% | |||||
Convulsions- 0.7% | |||||
Thrombocytopenia-86.64% | |||||
Anvikar et al. [31] | 2016–2017 | Gujarat | 50 patients with Plasmodium infection | 30 (73.2%) | Prostration-90% |
Multiple convulsions-70% | |||||
Jaundice-33.3% | |||||
Severe anaemia-3.3% | |||||
Abnormal bleeding-3.3% | |||||
Shock-3.3% |