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Table 4 PCR positivity for N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis and the BV “signaling” bacteria on IUDs in place for different time periods

From: Culture- and PCR-based detection of BV associated microbiological profile of the removed IUDs and correlation with the time period of IUD in place and the presence of the symptoms of genital tract infection

Bacteria

Number of positive samples (%)

IUD < 5 years

IUD 5–< 10 years

IUD ≥ 10 years

All IUDs

n = 32

n = 36

n = 32

n = 100

G. vaginalis

20 (62.5)

22 (61.1)

20 (62.5)

62

A. vaginae

7 (21.8)

13 (36.1)

12 (37.5)

32

Mobiluncus spp.

4 (12.5)

9 (25.0)

10 (31.3)

23

U. urealyticum

4 (12.5)

8 (22.2)

4 (12.5)

16

N. gonorrhoeae

0

0

0

0

C. trachomatis

0

0

1 (3.1)

1

Presence of any combination of the 4 BV “signaling” bacteria

9

14

15

38

Presence of any BV “signaling” bacteria

21 (65.6)

29 (80.6)

26 (81.3)

76

G. vaginalis + A. vaginae

4

7

8

19

G. vaginalis + Mobiluncus spp.

2

0

3

5

A. vaginae + Mobiluncus spp.

0

0

0

0

G. vaginalis + A. vaginae + Mobiluncus spp.

2

3

1

6

G. vaginalis + U. uralyticum

0

1

1

2

G vaginalis + A. vaginae + U. urealyticum

1

2

2

5

A. vaginalis + Mobiluncus sp.+ U. urealyticum

0

0

0

0

G. vaginalis + A. vaginae + Mobiluncus sp. + U. urealyticum

0

1

0

1