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Table 2 Clinical symptoms of the patients at the time of removal of the IUD

From: Culture- and PCR-based detection of BV associated microbiological profile of the removed IUDs and correlation with the time period of IUD in place and the presence of the symptoms of genital tract infection

Clinical symptoms

Number of patients (%)

IUD < 5 years

IUD 5–< 10 years

IUD ≥ 10 years

All IUDs

n  32

n = 36

n = 32

n = 100

Mean age (range)

39.6 (24–51)

43.5 (30–56)

51.8 (33–73)

44.9 (24–73)

No symptoms of infection at the removal of IUD

14 (43.8)

17 (47.2)

12 (37.5)

43 (43)

 Removal of IUD due to the time in place

8

11

10

29

 Planed pregnancy

3

2

1

6

 Pregnancy beside IUD use

1

0

1

2

 Irregular bleeding

9

7

8

24

 Menopausal/climacteric condition

2

5

5

12

 Leiomyoma

1

3

3

7

Any symptoms of infection at the removal of the IUD

18 (56.2)

19 (52.8)

20 (62.5)

57 (57)

 Fever ≥ 38 °C

5

7

4

16

 Acute vaginal/cervical inflammation

7

8

15

20

 Sever lower abdominal pain

5

15

9

29