Table 1 Baseline patient’s characteristics

Age (years), mean ± SD

53 ± 17

Sex-ratio

1.15

SAPS II, mean ± SD

37 ± 15

SOFA, mean ± SD

5 ± 3

Origin, n (%)

 Emergency department

46 (58%)

 Intra-hospital medical department

21 (27%)

 Intra-hospital surgical department

8 (10%)

 Private healthcare

4 (5%)

Reason of admission, n (%)

 Acute respiratory failure

44 (56%)

 Coma

22 (27%)

 Shock

6 (8%)

 Infectious disease

6 (8%)

 Metabolic disorder

1 (1%)

Co-morbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes

31 (39%)

 Hypertension

27 (34%)

 Chronic respiratory failure

27 (34%)

 Cardiovascular disease

14 (18%)

 Chronic renal failure

6 (7.5%)

 Immunosuppression and neoplasia

6 (7.5%)

 Length of stay before inclusion, days (median [IQR])

6 [4–13]

  Prior antimicrobials, n (%)

64 (81%)

  Steroids, n (%)

10 (13%)

  Mechanical Ventilation, n (%)

77 (97.5%)

  Recent surgery, n (%)^a

14 (18%)

  Tracheostomy, n (%)

33 (42%)