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Table 4 Risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency (n = 290)

From: Vitamin D deficiency among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their tuberculosis negative household contacts in Northwest Ethiopia: a case–control study

Characteristics

Total

Vit D deficiency

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Deficient (<20 ng/ml)

N (%)

Not deficient (20–100 ng/ml)

N (%)

COR (95% CI)

p values

AOR (95% CI)

p values

Total

290

134 (46.2)

156 (53.8)

    

Gender

 Male

141

56 (39.7)

85 (60.3)

1

   

 Female

149

78 (52.3)

71 (47.7)

1.7 (1.0–2.7)

0.03

2.3 (1.3–3.9)

0.002

Residence

 Rural

110

36 (32.7)

74 (67.3)

1

   

 Urban

180

98 (54.4)

82 (45.6)

2.5 (1.5–4.0)

<0.001

3.0 (1.7–5.3)

<0.001

Age group

 <15

81

25 (30.9)

56 (69.1)

1

   

 15–24

60

22 (36.7)

38 (63.3)

1.5 (0.8–2.9)

0.227

1.0 (0.5–2.1)

0.995

 25–34

63

32 (50.8)

31 (45.2)

2.0 (1.0–4.1)

0.054

1.6 (0.7–3.4)

0.252

 35–44

37

20 (54.1)

17 (45.9)

3.9 (1.7–9.2)

0.002

4.5 (1.8–11.3)

0.001

 45–54

23

15 (65.2)

8 (34.8)

4.9 (1.7–14.2)

0.004

5.8 (1.8–18.6)

0.003

 55+

26

20 (76.9)

6 (23.1)

7.6 (2.5–22.9)

<0.001

7.5 (2.3–24.2)

0.001

  1. N number, COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, Vit D vitamin D, CI confidence interval