Vitamin D deficiency among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their tuberculosis negative household contacts in Northwest Ethiopia: a case–control study

Table 3 Risk factors associated with tuberculosis (n = 290)

Characteristics	Total	TB status		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Characteristics	Total	TB patients (N = 96) N (%)	Controls (N = 194) N (%)	COR (95% CI)	p values	AOR (95% CI)	p values
Vit D deficient
Yes	96	59 (61.5)	37 (38.5)	2.5 (1.5–4.2)	<0.001	3.3 (1.8–6.0)	<0.001
No	194	75 (38.7)	119 (61.3)	1
Gender
Male	141	57 (40.4)	84 (59.6)	1.9 (1.2–3.2)	0.010	2.5 (1.4–4.3)	0.001
Female	149	39 (26.2)	110 (73.8)	1
Residence
Rural	110	34 (30.9)	76 (69.1)	1
Urban	180	62 (34.4)	118 (65.6)	1.2 (0.7–2.0)	0.535	0.8 (0.4–1.4)	0.427
Age group
<15	81	13 (16.0)	68 (84.0)	1
15–24	60	27 (45.0)	33 (55.0)	4.3 (2.0–9.4)	<0.001	4.5 (2.0–10.2)	<0.001
25–34	63	30 (47.6)	33 (52.4)	4.8 (2.2–10.3)	<0.001	4.3 (1.9–9.6)	<0.001
35–44	37	10 (27.0)	27 (73.0)	1.9 (0.8–4.9)	0.167	1.4 (0.5–3.8)	0.475
45–54	23	6 (26.1)	17 (73.9)	1.8 (0.6–5.6)	0.276	1.3 (0.4–4.2)	0.662
55+	26	10 (38.5)	16 (61.5)	3.3 (1.2–8.8)	0.019	2.0 (0.7–5.6)	0.203

N number, TB tuberculosis, COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, Vit D vitamin D, CI confidence interval

ISSN: 1476-0711