S. no | Botanical name/family name | Common and or local name (s) | Area | Part used | Phytochemistry | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acacia nilotica L. (Delile)/Leguminosae (=Â Fabaceae) | Kikar | Mardan | Leaves | Terpenoids | [72] |
2 | Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham./Lamiaceae (= Ajugabracteosa Wall ex Benth./Labiatae) | Rati buti | Maradori valley | Leaves | NA | [73] |
3 | Allium cepa L./Amaryllidaceae (=Â Liliaceae) | Piaz | Bannu | Bulb | NA | [74] |
4 | Artemisia annua L./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Afsantin jari, Sweet Wormwood | Northern areas | Whole plant | Artemisinin | [75] |
Maradori valley | Root | [75] | ||||
5 | Artemisia japonica Thunb./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Barmar, Basna Tashang | Northern areas | Whole plant | Artemisinin | [75] |
6 | Artemisia maritime L./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Tarkh, Zoon, Rooner | Northern areas | Whole plant | Artemisinin | [75] |
7 | Artemisia scoparia Waldst. and Kitam./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Lungi booti | Bhimber | Flowering shoots | Artemisinin | [76] |
8 | Azadirachta indica A.Juss./Meliaceae | Neem | D. I. Khan | Seeds, Leaves | Limonoid (gedunin) | [73] |
9 | Bupleurum longicaule Wall.ex DC./Apiaceae | Proshi | Maradori valley | Root | NA | [73] |
10 | Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand./Apocynaceae (=Â Asclepiadaceae) | Sodom apple, Mudar, Milk weed | Cholistan desert | Root | Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Nitrogen, Crude protein, Crude fiber, Soluble phosphates | [77] |
Karachi | [16] | |||||
11 | Capparis spinosa L./Capparidaceae | Kaveer | Chitral | Flowers | NA | [78] |
12 | Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague/Apiaceae (= CarumcopticumL./Umbelliferae) | Ajwain | Quetta | Whole plant | NA | [48] |
13 | Datura stramoniumL./Solanaceae | Jimson weed | Faisalabad | Leaves | Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannic acid, vitamin C, steroids | [79] |
14 | Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq./Sapindaceae | Ghwarasky | Allai valley | Seeds | NA | [80] |
15 | Enicostemma hyssopifolium Willd./ Gentianaceae | Chhota Chirayata, Nagajihva | Karachi | Whole plant | NA | [16] |
16 | Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh./Myrtaceae | River red gum | Karachi | Leaves, stem | NA | [16] |
17 | Fagonia creticaL./Zygophyllaceae | Azghakey | Mardan | Leaves | Terpenoids | [72] |
18 | Helianthus annuus L./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Maera stargay gul, Sunflower | Bannu | Leaves | NA | [74] |
19 | Melia azedarach L./Meliaceae | Neem, Chinaberry Tree | Islamabad | Green fruits | Phenols | [19] |
20 | Moringa oleifera Lam./Moringaceae | Sajna, Marango, Moonja | Faisalabad | Whole plant | NA | [81] |
21 | Nerium oleander L./Apocynaceae | Adelfa, Rose bay | Faisalabad | Leaves | Alkaloids | [79] |
22 | Origanum majorana L./Lamiaceae | Sweet marjoram | Faisalabad | Aerial parts | NA | [36] |
23 | Origanum vulgare L./Lamiaceae | Satar, Pot marjoram | Faisalabad | Aerial parts | NA | [36] |
24 | Peganum harmala L./Nitrariaceae (= Zygophyllaceae) | Harmal | Northern areas | Seeds | β-carboline alkaloid (isoharmine), harmaline, harmine | [82] |
25 | Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All./Asparagaceae | Worlds Solomon’s seal | Swat | Aerial parts | α-Bulnesene, Linalyl, acetate, eicosadienoic, docosane, pentacosane, piperitone | [83] |
26 | Psidium guajava L./Myrtaceae | Amrood | Mardan | Leaves | Terpenoids | [72] |
27 | Swertia chirata Roxb ex./Gentianaceae | Chirata | D. I. Khan | Seeds | Glycosides: Amarogentin, amaroswerin, sweroside | [69] |
28 | Swertia paniculataWall./Gentianaceae | Momera | Allaivalley | Whole plant | NA | [80] |
29 | Tagete sminuta L./Compositae(=Â Asteraceae) | Marigold | Northern areas, Abbotabad | Seeds | Terpenoids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids | |
30 | Viburnum nervosumD. Don/Caprifoliaceae (= Adoxaceae) | NA | Azad Jammu Kashmir | Whole plant | Butilinol, oleanolic acid, butilinic acid, urosolic acid,α-amyrin, β-sitosterol | [85] |
31 | Vincetoxicum stocksii Ali &Khatoon/Apocynaceae (=Â Asclepiadaceae) | NA | Quetta | Whole plant | NA | [48] |
32 | Viola odorata L./Violaceae | Banafsha | Maradori valley | Whole plant | NA | [73] |
33 | Xanthium strumarium L./Compositae (=Â Asteraceae) | Desi Arinad | Allai valley | Leaves | NA | [80] |