Table 3 Summary of clinical trials on eradication of MRSA including the colonization status before treatment, the main outcome and type of bias.
Preparation for skin antisepsis | Number of patients and colonization status (n) | Duration of treatment cycle | Overall rate of MRSA eradication | Type(s) of bias | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Octenisept | Patients: 5 Skin colonized: 5 Nose colonized: 5 | 25 days (mean) | 20% | None | [23] |
Octenisept | Patients: 28 Skin colonized: 10 Nose colonized: 18 | 5 days (mean) | 75% | • Early first swab (< 48 h) • Follow-up < 7 days (n = 9) • Selection bias (18 patients without dermal colonization) | [25] |
Chlorhexidine soap | Patients: 98 Skin colonized: 37 Nose colonized: 57 | 5 days (mean) | 25% (with mupirocin) 18% without mupirocin | None | [8] |
Chlorhexidine soap | Patients: 12 Skin colonized: 10 Nose colonized: 8 | 5 – 7 days (range) | 83% | Treatment bias (all 12 patients received various antibiotics at the same time) | [22] |
Triclosan soap and foam | Patients: 58 Skin colonized: unknown Nose colonized: unknown | 4.2 days (mean) | 100% | • Selection bias (no evidence of initial dermal colonization) • Treatment bias (concomitant antibiotic treatment to an unknown number of patients) • Outcome bias (cultures were mainly obtained during antiseptic treatment) | [24] |
Betadine | Patients: 35 Skin colonized: unknown Nose colonized: unknown | 5 days (mean) | 69% | Treatment bias (all patients received also vancomycin 250 mg every 6 h) | [18] |
Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg twice daily) and rifampin (600 mg once daily) (25) | Patients: 25 Skin colonized: unknown Nose colonized: unknown | 2 – 9 days (range) | 56% | Treatment bias: No antiseptic treatment for the skin was included | [10] |