Antifungal activity of redox-active benzaldehydes that target cellular antioxidation

Kim, Jong H; Chan, Kathleen L; Mahoney, Noreen; Campbell, Bruce C

doi:10.1186/1476-0711-10-23

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Table 3 Antifungal interactions (FICI) of benzaldehyde derivatives tested alone or in combination with antimycin A or carboxin in microtiter plates¹.

From: Antifungal activity of redox-active benzaldehydes that target cellular antioxidation

Compounds	MIC alone	MIC combined	FICI	MIC: alone	MIC: combined	FICI	MIC: alone	MIC: combined	FICI
Strains	*A. terreus* UAB698			*A. terreus* UAB680			*A. terreus* UAB673
Cinnamaldehyde Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128 ²	0.1 - 0.2 8 - 16	0.56 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 4 - 8	0.53 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 4 - 8	0.53 A
o-Vanillin Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 4 - 8	0.53 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 4 - 8	0.53 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 4 - 8	0.53 A
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxy Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 8 - 16	0.56 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 8 - 16	0.56 A
Strains	*A. flavus* NRRL3357			*A. fumigatus* AF293			*P. expansum* NRRL974
Cinnamaldehyde Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.05 - 0.1 8 - 16	0.31 S
o-Vanillin Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 16 - 32	0.63 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.05 - 0.1 4 - 8	0.28 S
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxy Antimycin A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.05 - 0.1 4 - 8	0.28 S
Strains	*A. terreus* UAB698			*A. terreus* UAB680			*A. terreus* UAB673
Cinnamaldehyde Carboxin	0.2 - 0.4 > 128 ²	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N
o-Vanillin Carboxin	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.1 - 0.2 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxy Carboxin	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 32 - 64	0.75 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 16 - 32	0.63 A
Strains	*A. flavus* NRRL3357			*A. fumigatus* AF293			*P. expansum* NRRL974
Cinnamaldehyde Carboxin	0.4 - 0.8 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.1 - 0.2 64 - 128	1.00 A
o-Vanillin Carboxin	0.4 - 0.8 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 64 - 128	1.00 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.4 - 0.8 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 16 - 32	0.63 A
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxy Carboxin	0.4 - 0.8 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 32 - 64	0.75 A	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	0.2 - 0.4 > 128	2.00 N

¹Compound interactions were determined as Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices (FICI), described by Isenberg ([47]; See also Methods). For calculation purposes, the higher concentration in each column was used. A, additive; N, neutral; S, synergistic. Benzaldehyde derivatives (mM)- cinnamaldehyde, o-vanillin, 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde; Complex II inhibitor (μg/ml)- Carboxin; Complex III inhibitor (μg/ml)- Antimycin A.
²Since antifungal test was performed up to 128 μg/ml of antimycin A or carboxin (See Methods), 256 μg/ml (doubling of 128 μg/ml) was used for calculation purposes.

Back to article page

ISSN: 1476-0711

Contact us

Submission enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com