In vitro antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants against clinical isolates of oral cancer cases

Panghal, Manju; Kaushal, Vivek; Yadav, Jaya P

doi:10.1186/1476-0711-10-21

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Table 2 The inhibition Zone (mm) of antimicrobial medicinal plants against clinical isolates of oral cancer cases

From: In vitro antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants against clinical isolates of oral cancer cases

Plant species	Fractions extract	*S. a*	*S. e*	*P. v*	*P. m*	*E. c*	*K. p*	*P. a*	*C. a*	*A. f*
A. tenuifolius	I	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	II	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	0	10.66 ± 0.5*
	III	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5***	10.66 ± 0.5**	11.33 ± 0.5**	15.33 ± 1 ^NS	11 ± 1.7***	0	10.33 ± 1.5*
	IV	10.33 ± 0.5***	10.67 ± 0.5***	0	11 ± 1.7***	13.33 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 0.5*	15.67 ± 1.1*	10.33 ± 1.5 ^NS	10 ± 0 ^NS
	V	0	11.67 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5**	10 ± 0*	12.33 ± 1.1**	11 ± 0.57*	0	0	0
	VI	0	0	0	0	13.67 ± 0.5***	0	0	0	0
	Control	20.66 ± 0.5	20 ± 1	18.33 ± 1	17.33 ± 0.5	16.33 ± 1.1	15.33 ± 1.5	19.33 ± 1.1	10.33 ± 0.5	11 ± 1
A. racemosus	I	0	0	12.33 ± 0.5***	0	0	0	0	16.66 ± 1.5***	0
	II	0	11.66 ± 0.5***	0	13.66 ± 1.5**	9 ± 1***	13.66 ± 1**	12.66 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5***	0
	III	0	0	0	0	0	11.66 ± 0.5 ^NS	0	0	0
	IV	13.66 ± 0.5***	12.66 ± 0.5***	14 ± 1.5***	14.33 ± 0.5***	15.33 ± 0.5^NS	16.33 ± 1.1 **	13.33 ± 1.1**	11.66 ± 0.5***	11.1 ± 1 ^NS
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5 ^NS
	VI	0	0	9.33 ± 1.5	0	0	0	0	13.66 ± 0.5***	0
	Control	18.33 ± 0.5	21.33 ± 2.0	19.33 ± 1	18.33 ± 0.5	14.66 ± 1	18.66 ± 0.5	18.66 ± 0.5	23 ± 0.5	11.66 ± 0.5
B. aegyptiaca	I	0	18.33 ± 0.5*	11.66 ± 0.5***	0	12.33 ± 0.5***	0	12.33 ± 1.1***	10.33 ± 1.5***	0
	II	11 ± 0.5***	20.33 ± 0.5^NS	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	0	10.66 ± 0.5***	10 ± 0***	0	0
	III	0	22.33 ± 0.05 ^NS	12.33 ± 1.5**	0	11.33 ± 0.5***	11 ± 1***	13 ± 1.7***	0	0
	IV	0	0	0	0	0	0	16.66 ± 1.1**	0	0
	V	10.33 ± 0.5***	18.33 ± 0.5 ^NS	0	0	0	18.66 ± 0.5*	11.66 ± 0.5***	0	0
	VI	10 ± 1***	12.33 ± 0.5**	0	0	10.66 ± 1.1***	12.33 ± 0.5***	10.66 ± 1.5***	0	0
	Control	20.33 ± 1	25.33 ± 0.05	18.66 ± 0.5	19 ± 1	14.66 ± 0.5	25.33 ± 0.57	21 ± 1.5	18 ± 1	13.33 ± 0.5
C. diurnum	I	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	II	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	III	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	IV	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	VI	0	10.66 ± 0.5**	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Control	21.33 ± 1.5	18.66 ± 1.5	19.33 ± 1.5	20 ± 0.5	15.66 ± 1.1	20.33 ± 1.5	17.33 ± 2.0	11.33 ± 1.5	10.33 ± 0.5
C. dichotoma	I	10 ± 0.5**	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	II	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	III	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	IV	11.33 ± 0.5**	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	VI	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Control	18.33 ± 0.5	21.33 ± 2.0	19 ± 1	18.33 ± 0.5	15.33 ± 1	18.33 ± 0.05	18.66 ± 0.08	10.33 ± 0.5	11.33 ± 0.5
E. alba	I	0	0	0	0	11.66 ± 1.1***	10.33 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	0
	II	0	11.33 ± 0.5***	0	10.33 ± 0.5***	11 ± 1***	12.67 ± 0.5*	0	0	0
	III	10.33 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	0	0	11.66 ± 0.5*	0	12 ± 0 ^NS	0
	IV	0	0	0	0	0	12.66 ± 0.5*	0	0	0
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	10 ± 1**	13.33 ± 1.1 ^NS	0
	VI	0	0	0	0	0	0	11.33 ± 1.5**	0	0
	Control	18.33 ± 0.05	18.66 ± 1.5	17.33 ± 0.5	17.66 ± 0.5	16.66 ± 1.1	20.33 ± 1.5	17 ± 1.7	11.66 ± 1.5	11.33 ± 1.5
M. koenigii	I	12 ± 1***	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	10.33 ± 0.5 ^NS
	II	14.33 ± 0.5**	13.33 ± 0.5**	13.67 ± 0.5***	14.33 ± 0.5**	13 ± 0.5*	10.33 ± 0.5**	10.67 ± 0.5***	10.67 ± 0.5 ^NS	14.33 ± 0.5 ^NS
	III	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	0	10.67 ± 0.5 ^NS
	IV	14.33 ± 0.5**	14.33 ± 0.5*	14.33 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	12.67 ± 0.5**	10 ± 0**	10.33 ± 0.5 ^NS	14.33 ± 0.5 ^NS
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	VI	0	0	11.67 ± 0.5***	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Control	18.66 ± 0.5	19.66 ± 0.5	25.66 ± 1	20.3 ± 0.5	19.66 ± 0.5	15 ± 0.5	19.33 ± 1.1	10.33 ± 0.5	11 ± 1
P. murex	I	0	14.33 ± 0.5***	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	II	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0
	III	14.66 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 1***	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	IV	9.66 ± 0.5**	10.66 ± 0.5***	0	0	10.66 ± 1.1***	13.33 ± 1.1***	0	0	0
	VI	0	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5***	9.33 ± 1.5**	0
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	12 ± 0**	11 ± 1*	8 ± 0.5 ^NS
	Control	21.33 ± 1.5	25.33 ± 0.5	19.33 ± 1.5	20.33 ± 0.5	19.33 ± 0.5	2.333 ± 2.6	17.33 ± 2.0	12.66 ± 1.1	10.33 ± 0.5
R. communis	I	10.66 ± 1.1***	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	-
	II	12.33 ± 0.5**	0	10.66 ± 0.5***	11.66 ± 0.5***	0	11.33 ± 1.5***	12.33 ± 1.1***	0	-
	III	0	0	0	0	0	0	11 ± 1.7***	0	-
	IV	0	0	10.33 ± 1.5***	0	0	0	12.66 ± 1.5***	0	-
	V	0	0	0	0	12.33 ± 1.1***	10.33 ± 0.5***	10 ± 0***	0	-
	VI	0	9.66 ± 0.5**	0	0	14.33 ± 1.1***	0	16 ± 0.5*	0	-
	Control	20.66 ± 1.5	19.66 ± 0.5	19.66 ± 0.5	17.33 ± 0.5	16.33 ± 0.5	20.33 ± 2.0	19.33 ± 1.1	10.33 ± 0.5	11 ± 1
T. foenum graecum	I	11 ± 1.1***	12.33 ± 1 ^NS	10.67 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 1.5***	11.33 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	13.1 ± 1.1 ^NS
	II	13.67 ± 1.5**	11.67 ± 0.5***	12.33 ± 0.5**	11.66 ± 0.5***	12.33 ± 0.5***	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	11.67 ± 0.5 ^NS	0
	III	10.33 ± 0.5**	13.660.5**	12.67 ± 0.5***	0	10.67 ± 0.5**	10.33 ± 0.5***	0	10 ± 0.5 ^NS	0
	IV	0	0	0	0	0	0	10 ± 0***	0	0
	V	0	0	0	0	0	0	10.33 ± 0.5**	0	0
	VI	0	0	0	0	0	0	11.33 ± 0.5**	0	0
	Control	18.33 ± 0.5	17.33 ± 0.5	26 ± 1	17.33 ± 0.5	18.33 ± 1	16 ± 2	19.33 ± 1.1	10.33 ± 0.5	11 ± 1

Abbreviations: 0, no activity; S. a, S. aureus; S. e, S. epidermidis; P. v, Proteus vulgaris; P. m, Proteus mirabilis; E. c, E.coli; K. p, Klebsiella pneumonia; P. a, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; C. a, Candida albicans; A.s Aspergillus fumigatus; Control, Streptomycin (bacteria), Ketocanozole (fungi); I, Petroleum ether; II, Benzene; III, Chloroform; IV, Acetone; V, Methanol; VI Aqueous; P < .05, less significant*; P < .01, significant**; P < .001, highly significant***.

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ISSN: 1476-0711

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