Table 1 Prevalence of tetracyclines resistance in Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma urogenital isolates
Antibiotic | Subgroups | Variables | n, N | Proportion (LCI, HCI) | I2 (%) | P. value | Egger test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tetracycline | Overall | Â | 1024, 19,424 | 0.142 (0.082, 0.232) | 97.43 | 0.048 | 0.0310 |
Continent | North America | 46, 146 | 0.095 (0.004, 0.712) | 91.50 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Asia | 695, 17,001 | 0.160 (0.075, 0.306) | 96.55 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Europe | 104, 1715 | 0.059 (0.022, 0.149) | 90.86 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Africa | 102, 358 | 0.281 (0.177, 0.416) | 81.26 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
South America | 77, 204 | 0.436 (0.206, 0.697) | 90.96 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Country | USA | 46, 146 | 0.095 (0.004, 0.712) | 91.50 |  < 0.001 |  | |
China | 652, 16,907 | 0.045 (0.021, 0.096) | 96.60 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Italy | 60, 934 | 0.484 (0.001, 0.999) | 97.84 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Greece | 0, 187 | 0.005 (0.001, 0.037) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Iraq | 43, 94 | 0.457 (0.140, 0.813) | 85.02 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Senegal | 75, 243 | 0.342 (0.190, 0.536) | 86.06 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Tunisia | 22, 65 | 0.338 (0.234, 0.461) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Turkey | 0, 30 | 0.016 (0.001, 0.211) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
England | 12, 81 | 0.148 (0.086, 0.243) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Cuba | 77, 204 | 0.436 (0.206, 0.697) | 90.96 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Romania | 4, 50 | 0.080 (0.030, 0.195) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Spain | 1, 250 | 0.006 (0.001, 0.031) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
South Africa | 5, 50 | 0.100 (0.042, 0.219) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
France | 27, 183 | 0.148 (0.103, 0.207) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Order | Mycoplasmatales | 1024, 19,424 | 0.142 (0.082, 0.232) | 97.43 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Genera | Ureaplasma | 885, 18,440 | 0.119 (0.060, 0.220) | 97.59 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma | 139, 984 | 0.195 (0.087, 0.381) | 93.78 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Species | Ureaplasma urealyticum | 832, 17,871 | 0.144 (0.065, 0.289) | 98.32 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma hominis | 139, 984 | 0.195 (0.087, 0.381) | 93.78 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Ureaplasma parvum | 19, 434 | 0.038 (0.007, 0.188) | 88.26 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
AST | MIC Based | 132, 692 | 0.140 (0.055, 0.313) | 91.06 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma kit | 892, 18,732 | 0.142 (0.075, 0.253) | 97.90 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Doxycycline | Overall |  | 556, 19,338 | 0.050 (0.030, 0.081) | 92.73 |  < 0.001 | 0.0070 |
Continent | Asia | 470, 17,657 | 0.036 (0.021, 0.062) | 89.23 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Europe | 15, 1151 | 0.015 (0.010, 0.025) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
|  | Country | Africa | 36, 326 | 0.144 (0.052, 0.340) | 81.14 |  < 0.001 |  |
South America | 35, 204 | 0.172 (0.126, 0.230) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
China | 467, 17,622 | 0.033 (0.018, 0.058) | 89.99 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Italy | 15, 934 | 0.017 (0.010, 0.027) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Greece | 0, 187 | 0.005 (0.001, 0.037) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Cameron | 8, 18 | 0.362 (0.053, 0.852) | 59.29 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Iraq | 3, 35 | 0.086 (0.028, 0.234) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Senegal | 28, 243 | 0.115 (0.081, 0.162) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Tunisia | 0, 65 | 0.008 (0.000, 0.110) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Turkey | 0, 30 | 0.016 (0.001, 0.211) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Cuba | 35, 204 | 0.172 (0.126, 0.230) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Order | Mycoplasmatales | 556, 19,338 | 0.050 (0.030, 0.081) | 92.73 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Genera | Ureaplasma | 538, 18,628 | 0.050 (0.029, 0.086) | 94.19 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma | 18, 710 | 0.045 (0.015, 0.130) | 71.53 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Species | Ureaplasma urealyticum | 535, 18,371 | 0.058 (0.032, 0.105) | 95.73 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma hominis | 18, 710 | 0.045 (0.015, 0.130) | 71.53 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Ureaplasma parvum | 3, 122 | 0.030 (0.002, 0.312) | 69.64 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
AST | Mycoplasma kit | 549, 18,921 | 0.061 (0.035, 0.106) | 94.68 |  < 0.001 |  | |
MIC Based | 7, 417 | 0.025 (0.011, 0.054) | 22.04 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Minocycline | Overall | Â | 131, 1256 | 0.119 (0.063, 0.215) | 87.34 | 0.789 | 0.6886 |
Continent | Asia | 57, 774 | 0.099 (0.029, 0.289) | 86.18 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Europe | 27, 226 | 0.118 (0.031, 0.362) | 87.96 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
South America | 30, 204 | 0.147 (0.099, 0.212) | 12.76 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
North America | 17, 52 | 0.327 (0.214, 0.464) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Country | China | 25, 715 | 0.039 (0.020, 0.073) | 43.01 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Iraq | 32, 59 | 0.487 (0.025, 0.972) | 87.18 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Italy | 12, 35 | 0.343 (0.206, 0.512) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Cuba | 30, 204 | 0.147 (0.099, 0.212) | 12.76 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Romania | 1, 50 | 0.020 (0.003, 0.129) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
England | 14, 141 | 0.099 (0.060, 0.161) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
USA | 17, 52 | 0.327 (0.214, 0.464) | 0.00 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Order | Mycoplasmatales | 131, 1256 | 0.119 (0.063, 0.215) | 87.34 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Genera | Ureaplasma | 115, 1164 | 0.109 (0.053, 0.213) | 89.65 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma | 16, 92 | 0.182 (0.025, 0.657) | 78.39 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
Species | Ureaplasma urealyticum | 89, 988 | 0.090 (0.035, 0.210) | 90.32 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma hominis | 16, 92 | 0.182 (0.025, 0.657) | 78.39 |  < 0.001 |  | ||
AST | MIC-Based | 44, 480 | 0.096 (0.030, 0.264) | 89.45 |  < 0.001 |  | |
Mycoplasma kit | 87, 776 | 0.133 (0.059, 0.274) | 85.45 |  < 0.001 |  |