Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline and during clinical history
Patients | Overall (n = 935) | COVID + patients (n = 803) | COVID- patients (n = 132) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) (mean; IQR) | 62.6 [56;71] | 70.0 [56;71] | 60.4 [50;71] | < 0.05 |
18–30 (n. %) | 12 (1.3) | 5 (0.6) | 7 (5.3) | < 0.05 |
31–45 (n. %) | 78 (8.3) | 60 (7.5) | 18 (13.6) | < 0.05 |
46–60 (n. %) | 252 (26.8) | 225 (28.0) | 26 (19.7) | – |
61–75 (n. %) | 478 (51.1) | 421 (52.4) | 56 (42.4) | < 0.05 |
> 75 (n. %) | 109 (11.6) | 89 (11.1) | 20 (15.2) | < 0.05 |
Unknown | 8 (0.9) | 3 (0.4) | 5 (3.8) | – |
Sex ratio (M/F) | 738/196 | 635/167 | 103/29 | – |
Risk factors Y/N (n. %) | 666 (71.2) | 584 (72.8) | 82 (62.1) | < 0.05 |
Risk factors (mean; IQR) | 1.71 [1;2] | 1.69 [1;2] | 1.80 [1;2] | – |
Age ≥ 70 years | 246 (36.9) | 214 (36.6) | 32 (39.0) | – |
History of cardiovascular disease | 388 (58.3) | 344 (58.9) | 44 (53.6) | < 0.05 |
Diabetes mellitus or complication | 175 (26.3) | 166 (28.4) | 9 (11.0) | < 0.05 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 120 (18.0) | 94 (16.1) | 26 (31.7) | < 0.05 |
Terminal renal failure | 20 (3.0) | 19 (3.2) | 1 (1.2) | – |
Under treatment cancer | 29 (4.3) | 22 (3.8) | 7 (8.5) | – |
Immunosupression/depression | 57 (8.6) | 48 (8.2) | 9 (11.0) | – |
Child B or higher cirrhosis | 8 (1.2) | 1 (0.2) | 7 (8.5) | < 0.05 |
BMI > 30 | 91 (13.7) | 78 (13.4) | 13 (15.9) | – |
Delay (days; mean; IQR) | ||||
COVID symptoms—sampling | 20.2 [11;21] | 20.9 [12;21] | 16.05 [3.75; 24.5] | – |
Intubation–sampling | 9.4 [5;12] | 8.9 [5;12] | 12.33 [3.5;17] | < 0.05 |
COVID symptoms—intubation | 10.9 [4;10] | 12.0 [5;10] | 3.67 [0;4] | – |
Sampling nature (n. %) | < 0.05 | |||
Nasopharyngeal aspirates | 16 (1.7) | 14 (1.7) | 2 (1.5) | – |
Tracheal aspirates | 468 (50.1) | 396 (49.3) | 72 (54.6) | – |
Expectoration | 40 (4.3) | 30 (3.7) | 10 (7.6) | – |
Broncho-alveolar lavage | 185 (19.8) | 156 (19.4) | 29 (22.0) | – |
Protected distal sampling | 226 (24.2) | 207 (25.8) | 19 (14.4) | < 0.05 |
Multiple bacteria (n. %) (n = 415) | 414 (44.4) | 351 (43.7) | 63 (47.7) | – |
Bacteria number per positive sample (moy. IQR) | 1.0 [1;2] | 1.0 [1;2] | 1.0 [1; 2] | – |
Length of (mean number of days; IQR) | ||||
Intubation | 15.4 [11;19] | 15.0 [11;19] | 17.1 [9.3; 22] | < 0.05 |
Hospitalization | 21.8 [15;26] | 20.9 [15;25] | 27.9 [15;33] | < 0.05 |
Status at the end date (n. %) | ||||
Death | 306 (32.7) | 261 (32.5) | 45 (38.2) | – |
ICU | 79 (8.8) | 69 (8.6) | 10 (8.1) | – |
Hospitalization | 392 (44.1) | 345 (43.0) | 47 (38.2) | – |
Rehabilitation | 39 (4.4) | 36 (4.5) | 3 (2.4) | – |
Home return | 77 (8.6) | 61 (7.6) | 16 (13.0) | < 0.05 |
Unknown | 42 (4.5) | 31 (3.9) | 11 (8.3) | – |